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MODERN DATA

TECHNOLOGY PROFILES:
drum/disk memories, part 2
line printers, part 1

If your communications
are more complex, we’ve got a

It’s Varian’s 620/f-DC Data-Com-
munications System. Remember,
as a kid, when your biggest prob-
lem in tin-can communications
was not letting the string touch
anything? Today you’re more
sophisticated — and your problems
more complex. We can help.

Varian’s new 620/f-DC is a total
data-communications system that
offers economy and speed for com-
munications networks. As a com-

munications preprocessor, it
relieves the large computer of
mundane tasks by collecting data
from many sources and feeding it
directly and efficiently into your
large computer. The 620/f-DC, as
a data concentrator or message
switcher, handles up to 64 data
lines at higher throughputs than
any other system available.

Consider all its capabilities— from
speed to modularity to reducing

overhead — and it becomes one of
the most economical data commu-
nicators available.

Our 620/f-DC won’t beat the low
cost of tin-can and string, but it
will make your communications
dollar stretch. Write the Big Com-
pany in Small Computers.

varian

data machines

The Big Company in Small Computers

U.S. Sales Offices: Downey (213-927-1371), San Diego (714-298-9292), San Francisco (415-968-9996), Calif./Washington (301-773-6770), D.C./Chicago (312-692-7184), III. /Waltham (617-899-6072),
Mass./Detroit (313-645-9950), Mich./Minneapolis (612-926-6571), Minn. /Albuquerque (505-298-5570). N. Mex./New Rochelle (914-636-8118), Syracuse (315-437-6595), N.Y./Fort Washington (215-643-2355),
Pa./Dallas (214-231-5145), Houston (713-781-0105), Tex. Other offices worldwide/Varian Data Machines, a Varian subsidiary, 2722 Michelson Drive, Irvine, California 92664. Telephone 714/833-2400.

CIRCLE NO. 1 ON INQUIRY CARD

Large Screen Displays

Link your data or
signal source to
TV display systems with
Tektronix scan conversion

>1 4901 scan convert™ UNIT

r «

fc o

for convenient viewing
in labs, classrooms,
production lines,
hospitals,

computer installations
and many other areas.

The display size depends only upon
your choice of TV monitor or receiver.

The 4501 Scan Converter accepts alphanu-
meric ard graphic data — in the form of analog
inputs — and converts it to displays on TV re-
ceivers and monitors. The hi-contrast TV dis-
plays are ideal for individual or group viewing
— even under bright light conditions. The dis-
plays may be viewed as light data on a dark
background or as dark data on a light back-
ground, selected from the 4501 front panel.

The 4501 uses a Tektronix bistable storage
CRT. Data may be written once on the storage
CRT and retained for an hour without refresh-
ing. The results are: call for your data once,
then view it as long as one hour on a TV-size
display. Besides that, the 4501 transfers con-
tinuously written data to your TV display.

MULTIPLE DISPLAYS— The 4501 will drive
multiple, inexpensive receivers and monitors.
The units may be located locally or remotely.
Outputs from a TV camera can be mixed with

data from the 4501 to produce a picture that
is an overlay of the two signal sources. With
overlaying, you can instantly compare data
from two different sources.

The uses for the 4501 are virtually unlimited.
For a demonstration, contact your local Tek-
tronix Field Engineer or write Tektronix, Inc.,
P. O. Box 500, Beaverton, Oregon 97005. See
your current Tektronix catalog for specifica-
tions.

4501 Scan Converter $2500

Available in U.S. through the Tektronix lease plan

U.S. Sales Price FOB Beaverton, Oregon

TEKTRONIX®

committed to technical excellence

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 2 ON INQUIRY CARD

TOTAL:

hhe data ba/e

management

sg/hem.

A complete integrated data base management
system which performs all functions of data base
maintenance, update, retrieval and data integrity
with any host language at the “call” level. That’s
Cincom Systems’ TOTAL.

With TOTAL, data is structured logically, non-
redundantly in network-structured multi-file,
multi-linkage environments. Requirements for de-
mand and batch processing are optimally served.

The system is continually self-optimizing. Elimi-
nates both performance degradation and the re-
quirement for periodic data base reorganization.

A Data Base Definition Language (DBDL) is pro-
vided for the definition and structuring of the data
base. As data requirements change, new data ele-
ments and associations may be added without
affecting application programs. Data independ-
ence is provided down to the data element or
grouped data element level.

Application programs are insulated from their
environment. So changes in operating system,
hardware, language or processing mode have
little or no effect on operating application pro-
grams.

With TOTAL, modular and evolutionary growth is
facilitated. Conversion is eliminated as a way of
life.

A Data Manipulation Language (DML) is invoked
by the host language programmer at the “call”

level for all communication with the data base.

Powerful commands make complex data manipu-
lation easy. Control functions monitor and virtu-
ally eliminate error possibilities. The user pro-
grammer is presented only with data elements
requested. Communication is always fast, flexi-
ble, secure.

Hardware enhancing features minimize core and
direct storage requirements. For example, I/O
Pool Sharing allows sharing of common I/O areas
providing more usable core. External indexes,
directories and fixed overflow areas are elimi-
nated, providing more usable disk space.

TOTAL functions in any environment. Provides
facilities for processing in direct (demand) en-
vironments or batch serial modes.

Facilities include protection from Concurrent Up-
dating, Dynamic Logging of Transactions, Auto-
matic Data Base Recovery and Restoration for
processing in dynamic environments.

These are some of the reasons why we call it
TOTAL.

We’d like to show you why TOTAL has become
the most widely and successfully used system of
its kind in existence today. If you’d like more in-
formation or a personal presentation, write on
your company letterhead to Cincom Systems, Inc.,
2181 Victory Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45206.
513/961-4110.

Cincom /y/tem/ Inc: (JUe create efficiency.

CIRCLE NO. 3 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

H MODERN DATA

FEBRUARY 1971 ■ VOLUME 4 ■ NO. 2

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE

40 PRINTERS - PART I

Medium- & High-Speed Printers

This Profile covers the features of printers having print rates of from 100 to 5000 lines
per minute and capable of on- or off-line operation.

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE

68 DISK & DRUM DRIVES - PART II
Large-Scale Drives

In last month’s issue. Part I discussed removable disk-pack drives that were plug-to-plug
compatible with IBM 2311 and 2314 devices. This month. Part II covers large-scale disk
and drum drives having capacities in excess of 50 million bits. The last part of the series
coming next month will cover disk and drum devices having capacities equal to or under
50 millioji bits.

26 Corporate Profile - REPCO INCORPORATED

28 Communications Clinic - DATA NETWORK CONTROL

32 Source Data Automation — THE LOW-COST OCR

36 Up the System Down-Time - SORTING THE PROS FROM THE CONS

38 Software Forum - FREE-FORM VS. FORMS-ORIENTED CODING

12 NEWS ROUNDUP

13 ORDERS & INSTALLATIONS

14 DC DATASCAN

16 INTERNATIONAL NEWS
18 CORPORATE & FINANCIAL NEWS
READER SERVICE CARDS

22 STOCK TRENDS

34 WHBW

80 NEW PRODUCTS

84 NEW SOFTWARE & SERVICES

86 NEW LITERATURE

88 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

OPPOSITE PAGE 88

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Our New Time Division Multiplexer
Is a Bit of a Character.

A bit of a character because it can do what
no other time division multiplexer can. Our Time-
line 220 can either bit multiplex (for echo-back
operation) or character multiplex (for maximum
channel capacity). Or both, simultaneously. The
others can only bit or character multiplex. They
can't do both.

If you’re looking to cut your communications
costs, here’s another surprise. Infotron Systems’
Timeline 220 multiplexer gives you the greatest
possible number of simultaneously operating
speedmixed channels. For example, with the
high speed line operating at 2400 baud, the
Timeline 220 can provide simultaneously 12 110
baud channels (TTY 33,35), 5 134.5 baud chan-
nels (IBM 2741), and 2 300 baud channels (GE
TermiNet 300).

Most multiplexers have a diagnostic capability
that isolates problems within the multiplexer
equipment. But that’s where it stops. If you’re
really worried about down time problems— for-
get it with the 220. Our system features a built-in
diagnostic panel that locates trouble spots, not
only in the multiplexer itself, but also in your data
sets and telephone lines.

Right now our 220 multiplexers are installed
throughout the United States and Canada, op-
erating on-line for businesses whose success
depends upon reliable communications every
minute of the working day. You might also like to
know that our operating history is so successful
that we re able to offer our customers a tv/o-year
warranty, including on-site service.

Quite a bit of a character that Timeline 220.

|| Infotron Systems

7300 North Crescent Boulevard. Pennsauken, N. J 08110 (609) 665-3864

CIRCLE NO. 4 ON INQUIRY CARD

"WfF

MODERN DATA

EDITOR AND PUBLISHER . .

ASSOC. PUBLISHER . . . .

ASSOC. EDITOR ....
ASSOC. EDITOR . . . .

CHIEF EDITORIAL CONSULTANT

. S. HENRY SACKS
WILLIAM A. GANNON
. ALAN R. KAPLAN
JOHN A. MURPHY
. DAN M. BOWERS

WASHINGTON EDITOR: Harold V. Sending, Jr. FINANCIAL NEWS EDITOR: James I. Leabman.
EUROPEAN EDITOR: Richard Pettersen. NEW YORK EDITOR: Stanley Klein.

CONSULTING AND CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Ralph G. Berglund; J. Reese Brown, Jr.; Richard
T. Bueschel; Thomas DeMarco; Maurits P. deRegt; Ken Falor; Lawrence A. Feidelman; Ivan Flores;
Michael B. French; Fay Herman; Walter A. Levy; Thurber J. Moffett; Joseph Popolo; John E. Taft;
Jerome B. Weiner.

Editorial Prod.: Ruth Martin, Manager; Judith DeWitt, Diane Burkin, Sally Haskins, Assts.
Circulation Dept: Carol Grace, Manager; Stephen E. Hughes, Asst.

Ass't. to Publisher: Donna L. Maiocca

Cover Artist: William Kwiatkowski

ADVERTISING PROD. MANAGER BERNARD GREENSIDE

All correspondence regarding circulation, advertising, and editorial should be addressed to the
publication offices at:

MODERN DATA

3 LOCKLAND AVENUE
FRAMINGHAM, MASS. 01701
(617) 872-4824

Published monthly and copyrighted 1971 by Modern Data Services, Inc., 3 Lockland Ave., Framingham, Mass.
01701. The contents of this publication (in excess of 500 words) may not be reproduced in whole or in
part without written permission.

SUBSCRIPTIONS: Circulated without charge by name and title to U.S.-based corporate
and technical management, systems engineers, systems analysts, EDP managers, software
specialists, and other personnel who qualify under our qualification procedures. Avail-
able to others at the rate of $18.00 per year; single issues $1.75. Subscription rate for
all foreign subscriptions is $25.00 per year (12 issues). POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to: Circulation Dept.,
Modern Data, 3 Lockland Avenue, Framingham, Mass. 01701. Controlled circulation postage paid at Con-
cord, N.H.

BRA

SALES OFFICES

SALES MANAGER ROBERT J. BANDINI

NEW ENGLAND

Wm. A. Gannon, 3 Lockland Avenue, Framingham, Mass. 01701 (617) 872-4824

NEW YORK

Robert J. Bandini, 400 Madison Ave., Suite 401, N.Y., N.Y. 10017 (212)753-0375, (203) 226-3544

PHILADELPHIA

Don McCann, 116 Haddon Ave., Suite C, Haddonfield, N.J. 08033 (609) 428-2522

Computer
Automation
offers high-
speed, on-
line control
computer

EFFICIENT MEMORY
UTILIZATION AFFORDS
UNSURPASSED LIMIT-
CHECKING CAPABILITY.

Computer Automation, a leading
minicomputer manufacturer head-
quartered in California, offers a
high performance control computer
that is designed for the real-time,
on-line applications that demand top
reliability as well as high speed oper-
ation. Through a well designed in-
struction set, geared specifically for
the real-time environment, operat-
ing times are reduced by as much as
one-half over other computers with
comparable memory speeds.

A typical task in control systems
involves limit checking of numerous
parameters to ensure proper opera-
tions of a given system. Action is
taken only when a parameter is out
of limits, but each parameter must
be constantly monitored, a task that
quickly overloads most minicompu-
ters. Computer Automation’s Model
116, using the Compare With Mem-
ory instruction, can perform an
upper limit and lower limit check
on a 16-bit parameter in just six
cycles (9.6 microseconds). Only
eight words of memory are required,
including the two stored limits.

Coupled with a high speed A/D con-
verter, it is possible to make over
60,000 different limit checks per sec-
ond. This would be an extreme case,
but it illustrates the power of the
Model 116 computer.

The computer is priced at $5,450
(qty. 50) with a 4K, 16-bit mem-
ory, three Direct Memory Channels,
Hardware Multiply/Divide, and
three levels of Vectored Priority In-
terrupts. Delivery is stock to 60 days.

MIDWEST

Gerald E. Wolfe, The Pattis Group, 4761 Touhy Ave., Lincolnwood, III. 60646 (312) 679-1100

WEST COAST & SOUTHWEST

John Uphoff, 71 1 East Walnut St., Lands Bldg., Pasadena, Cal. 91 101 (213) 681-1133

THIS ISSUE OVER 85,000 COPIES

COMPUTER AUTOMATION, IIMC.

895 West 16th Street • Newport Beach. California
92660 • Phone (714) 642-9630 • TWX 910-596-1377

CIRCLE NO. 5 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Trying to get on-line with

a "low-cost” box?

If you've been looking for a
small, low-cost processing box,
you might be getting yourself
into one.

Anybody can sell you a box of
hardware, but only with Raytheon
Computer's 704 do you get all the
software to do the job. All for
under $10,000.

With our software library of
over 600 programs, you'll never
have to write a systems program
again. Raytheon Computer's 704
is operational the moment you
plug it in.

And every program is fully
documented and fully tested. Like
our exclusive executives and
monitors. And our 360-compatible
superset of USASI FORTRAN IV
and conversational FORTRAN.
And the only small computer
Sort/Merge package.

And we've got the hardware
too. The 704 is a 16-bit gp
computer with 74 instructions, 4k
of 1.0 ^s core (expandable to 32k),
a real-time automatic priority
interrupt system, direct I/O to the
CPU and 4 registers. Options

include hardware multiply/divide,
bootstrap and direct memory
access, and all the interface
equipment you'll need.

So write today and ask for Data
File C-194. We'll send you all the
facts and figures you'll need to
help you get on-line faster and
cheaper. And that's our bag.

Raytheon Computer, 2700 S.
Fairview St., Santa Ana, Calif.
92704. Phone 714/546-7160.

LRAYTHEONJ

With 600 programs,
Raytheon Computer^ 704
woif t leave you holding
the bag.

704 PROCESSOR

RAYTHEON COMPUTER

Raytheon Computer.
We give you our all.

CIRCLE NO. 6 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF COMPUTER BUYERS' PREFERENCES
RELEASED BY MODERN DATA

OVER 700 COMPUTER PRODUCT SUPPLIERS RECEIVED MENTIONS

The “1970 Brand Awareness Sur-
vey,” covering 54 specific types of
computer hardware, software, EDP
supplies and accessories, has just
been released by modern data’s
Information Products Division.

For each of the 54 products sur-
veyed, respondents were instructed
to . . . “List three manufacturers
you would consider contacting if
you were planning to buy (prod-
uct name).”

The 72-page report is the second
annual study of company recogni-
tion, awareness, and preferences
conducted among a nation-wide
sample of computer professionals
from modern data’s circulation.

The results show the total num-
ber of mentions for each product,
plus the percent of total mentions
received by each company. The re-
sults from the previous year’s sur-
vey are compared with the current
report to show the changes and
trends in company awareness and
recognition.

Among the major product areas,
some of the more noteworthy re-
sults are:

Computers for Business Data Pro-
cessing — IBM remained in first
postion with 32.2$ of mentions —
the same score as in 1969. Honey-
well remained in second postion
with 14.6$ of mentions but
dropped in percentage points. The
largest gain was made by RCA.

Computers For Industrial Process
Control — Digital Equipment Corp.
moved from 5 th position to
third while showing an increase of
80$ from the previous year. IBM
dropped by 34$ but remained in
first position.

Small-Scale & Minicomputers —
Digital Equipment increased its
first place lead by 53$ while re-
ceiving 23.4$ of the total men-
tions. Varian moved from 5th posi-
tion to 2nd replacing Honeywell.
Hewlett-Packard dropped slightly
in percentage points yet moved
from 4th to 3rd position. The larg-
est gainer was Data General which
moved from 10th position last year
to 5th position this year — an in-
crease of nearly 400$ in per-
centage points.

Digital Plotters — Calcomp re-
mained in first position with 41.9$
of the mentions. Hewlett-Packard
moved to 2nd position with 9.2$
after receiving less than 1$ last
year.

Key-To-Tape — Mohawk Data and
Honeywell remained in 1st and
2nd positions respectively with
31.7$ and 17.9$ of mentions.
IBM remained in 3rd position
while dropping from 13.5$ men-
tions to 7.3$. Inforex with no
mentions in 1969 received 4.8$
this year for a fourth place tie with
Computer Machinery. Viatron
dropped from 4th to 12th position.

Magnetic Tape Drives — IBM re-
mained in 1st place while Potter
Instrument moved from 3rd to 2nd,
exchanging positions with Ampex.
The biggest gain was scored by
Telex moving from 13th to 4th.

CRT Displays — Contrasted with
1969 this product area showed the
most volatility. In 1969, only 23
companies received mentions —
this year 52 companies were men-
tioned. IBM, in 2nd position in
1969, exchanged places with Sand-
ers which was first last year. Com-
puter Terminal moved from the
5th spot in 1969 to 3rd place this
year. Bunker-Ramo took 4th posi-
tion. Tektronix came in 5th after
receiving no mentions last year.

Continuous EDP Forms — Moore
Business Forms remained in first
position with a comfortable margin
over Uarco and Standard Register
which were 2nd and 3rd respec-
tively.

Items added to this year’s survey
are: EDP Facilities Management,
Computer Site Preparation Services,
Data Collection/Retrieval Systems,
Fire Detection/Protection Systems
for EDP Rooms, and Analog/Hy-
brid Computers.

j Copies of the 1970 Brand j
Awareness Survey are available I
I at $12.00 each. Due to the lim- j
I ited supply only prepaid orders
I are being accepted. Write to j
modern data, Information Prod- I
I ucts Div. f 3 Lockland Ave.,
j F ramingham, Mass. 01 701 .

I |

Raytheon Computer.
We give you our all.

With the Raytheon Computer
704, you'll have the only
complete, efficient software
library in the 16-bit class.

In all, we've got over 600
field-proven programs to
choose from.

Multi-programming
Systems

Complete Math Library

Applications Programs

Data Processing Programs

Diagnostic and Test
Programs

FORTRAN IV

Conversational FORTRAN

Array Processing

Sort/Merge Package

Monitors and Executives

Utility Programs
System Programs

For a complete listing of
our software and all the
facts and figures on our
entire 700-Series com-
puters, write today. Ask
for Data File C-195.

Raytheon Computer,
2700 S. Fairview St., Santa
Ana, Calif. 92704. Phone
714/546-7160.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 6 ON INQUIRY CARD

THE BEST THING
ABOUT DATA GENERAL
IS OUR LOW
MAIN FRAME PRICES.

OR SO PEOPLE THINK.

For too long, people
have thought of us as a main
frame company.

And justifiably.

After all, we have spent
the last couple of years
producing the Nova line of fully
compatible, 16-bit mini computers.

But we’re smart enough to
know that main frames and low base
prices aren’t everything.

Proven performance is important,
too. (We’ve installed over 850 Nova-line
computers so far. )

A strong service organization is
important.

Software and peripherals are
important.

And finally, the ability to put main
frames, software and peripherals together
in configurations that meet real-world com-
puting requirements at the lowest prices
possible is the most important consider-
ation of all.

And that’s what we’d like to talk to
you about.

OPERATING
SYSTEM
ONLY $27,870

around
Nova 800,
Data General’s
DOS provides
high-speed data
processing capability at a remarkably low
price. The system priced here includes the
Nova 800, 16K of core memory, a 128K,
head-per-track disc, Teletype, high-speed
paper tape reader, and device -independent
software.

DOS supports system software that
includes relocatable assembler, editor, link-
ing loader, and ALGOL 60 and FORTRAN
IV compilers.

Substituting a 256 K disc adds only
$1,500, and a 356 1pm, 80 column, 64 char-
acter line printer costs $12,900.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

To find out how little your
on will cost, call or write the
nearest Data General office.

To know us is to love us.

The config-
priced
includes the
Supernova,
of core memory ( inter-
with 300 nano-
second monolithic memory) ,
Teletype, 8-channel, 10-bit A/D converter,
and a 24ips, IBM-compatible magnetic
tape unit.

This is an inexpensive, easily expand-
able, on-line data acquisition system that
can handle its own data processing, or can
prepare data for a larger processor.

TIME SHARING
BASIC ONLY
$17,596

This is

the least expen-
sive way to pro-
vide a sophisticated,
easily-used comput-
ing capability for
many as 16 users.

The four-user sys-
tem priced here includes
a Nova 1200 with 12K words
of core memory, four Teletypes
and interfacing. A high-speed paper tape
reader adds $2,650.

The system uses Data General’s fully
extended time-sharing BASIC with string
and matrix manipulation capabilities.

When not time sharing, the system
can use all of Data General’s extensive list
of software and peripherals.

OUR
MAIN
FRAMES v
STARTING
AT $5,450

Everything
starts with main frames.

And any one of ours can plug into any
one of the systems priced above.

What’s more, they are all software
compatible, mechanically interchangeable,
and all run the same peripherals.

□ Nova 1200 : First to take advantage of LSI
and MSI. It’s fast (1200 nanosecond cycle
time) , reliable, and less expensive than any-
thing else at its performance level.

Price: $5,450.*

□ Nova 800 : Faster, more powerful than the
1200, Nova 800 has a fully parallel central
processor and a cycle time of 800 nano-
seconds.

Price: $6,950.*

□ Supernova SC : First to really take advan-
tage of all-monolithic memory, mak-
ing it the world’s fastest mini com-
puter (300 nanosecond add time) .
Price: $11,900? ($9,600*with com-
patible 800 nanosecond core.)

MAGTAPE
SYSTEM
ONLY $29,885

i w DATA GENERAL

Southboro, Mass. (617) 4 85-9100 / Hamden, Conn. (203) 624-7010 /
Commack, L.I., New York (516) 368-3304 / Rochester, New York
(716) 235-5959 / Saddlebrook, New Jersey (201) 843-0676 / Bowie, Maryland
(SOI) 262-1198 / Bryn Mawr, Pa. (215) 527-1630 / Orlando, Florida
(305) 425-5505 / Chicago, Illinois ( 312) 539-4838 / Dallas, Texas
(214) 233-4496 / Denver, Colo. (303) 758-5080 / Manhattan Beach, Cal.
(213) 376-7917 / Palo Alto, Cal. (415) 321-9397 / Clichy, France 270 93 40 f
London, England 01 499 7735 / Melbourne, Australia 723-4131 / Munich,
West Germany 0811 29 55 13 / Zurich, Switzerland (051) 34 07 77.
DATAGEN OF CANADA LTD.: Hull, Quebec (819) 770-2030 / Montreal,
Quebec (514) 341-4571 / Toronto, Ontario (416) 447-8000 / Vancouver,
British Columbia (604) 731-2711.

* Main frame prices include U,096 16-bit words of memory , Teletype interface , and Direct Memory Access data channel.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 7 ON INQUIRY CARD

It’s an entirely new way of organizing a corporation’s
computer system. Not just hardware or software, but total inte-
gration of EDP services with important corporate departments.

Here’s how worksharing works:

You equip each major division or department of your
company with its own small business computer system, with
terminals and software tailored to each department’s function.

The department gets truly productive automation, plus
on-the-spot processing for routine reports and analyses. And
the local processor automatically extracts and forwards pre-
processed data to your mainframe. Automatically. With no
manual or mechanical data preparation or encoding steps.

The result is a system with some startling advantages.
First, it works for a living. It makes an obvious and demonstrable
contribution to each department’s profitable output.

Second, a worksharing system provides your main-
fcatne with a continuous, absolutely current flow of data. Auto-
matically. As a natural by-product of active participation in the

s are given local processing
with each other. An order

Worksharing

entered at a remote sales office can automatically adjust a pro-
duction schedule or a warehouse “pick sheet,” print shipping
papers on the loading dock, initiate billing, adjust sales totals
in management analyses, alert the controller of expected
income, and make the VPs smile. All within a few minutes.

Of course, all this would be Pie in the Sky except for
one thing. Cost. Now, there is a small business computer flex-
ible enough and inexpensive enough to commit to a single
department. System Ten business computer by Singer.

A System Ten computer will accommodate up to
twenty workstations and process all twenty jobs simultane-
ously. It’s designed to be used easily by ordinary business
people without special EDP training. It uses simple two -wire
connections — easy to install. It’s ready to go on-line to your
mainframe. And most important, its cost is extremely realistic.

On the basis of cost per function, a System Ten business com-
puter is the most efficient system available to you today.

To find out why, and to get more information about how
a worksharing system could work for your company, call your
nearest Friden Office. Or write Friden Division, The
Company, San Leandro, California 94577.

The

CIRCLE NO. 8 ON INQUIRY CARD

NEWS ROUNDUP

MINIS - A BUYER S MARKET IN 71

Minicomputer manufacturers, dependent on the
R&D and instrumentation industries to absorb the
lion’s share of their products, may be in for further
belt-tightening during the current year. According
to the annual R&D forecast prepared by the Co-
lumbus Laboratories of Battelle Memorial In-
stitute, continuing inflationary forces will more
than offset the modest 3.6 percent growth of R&D
expenditures expected in 1971, resulting in an esti-
mated 2.3 percent reduction in the real level of
R&D effort. Almost as gloomy is a prediction by
James E. Myers, v.p. and gen’l. mgr. of Honey-
well’s Industrial Division. While “cautiously opti-
mistic” that instrumentation business will gradu-
ally pick up in the last half of 1971, Mr. Myers
cited reduced capital spending by most U.S. -based
instrument users as a major factor in the generally
depressed condition of today’s market. For in-
stance, during the period March to September,
spending plunged almost 10 percent below esti-
mated figures for instrument users identified with
durable goods manufacturing, and almost 7 per-
cent downward for those in the non-durables cate-
gory. For minicomputer users, these predictions
add up to continued reductions in manufacturers’
list prices as competition increases for a larger
slice of the pie remaining.

MAKING MEMORIES FOR MELODIES

A new process said to identify any recorded sound
by computer was revealed by Sound Signatures,
Inc. of Los Angeles, and Tracor, Inc. of Austin.
The first application developed and discussed in
detail is related to radio monitoring and the per-
forming rights industry, which is responsible for
determining and paying the royalties to which
music composers and publishers are entitled each
time one of their recordings is played on the air.
The Sound Signatures system starts with the radio
broadcast of a recording and results in a computer-
printed list that includes the recording title, com-
poser, lyricist, publisher, recording artist, record
company, radio station, time and date of the re-
cording play, etc. The identification is made
through comparison with a computer library of
every recording represented by any of the per-
forming rights organizations that subscribe to the
service.

NEED A LEFT-HANDED PITCHER?

Computer Sciences Corp. recently demonstrated
an automated scouting report system to the Na-
tional Association of Professional Baseball Leagues.
Offered on CSC’s INFONET T-S network, the sys-
tem would enable baseball clubs to obtain quick
reports on available players through terminals in
the club’s offices. A list of 100 available left-
handed pitchers, for example, could be prepared
within seconds for about $5.00.

SMALL BUSINESS COMPUTER FROM NCR

A new disk-oriented computer for small businesses
which will rent for only $1500 a month has been
announced by the National Cash Register Co. The
NCR Century 50 is fully compatible with all other
computers in the company’s Century Series and
will directly compete with IBM’s System 3. Fea-
tures include 16K of 800 ns thin-film rod memory
and an 8.4 megabyte dual disk unit. A 200 1pm
printer is standard.

NUMBER TWO AIMS AT BIG SMALL
T-S MARKET

Honeywell Inc. has entered what it describes as
“a virtually untapped segment of the time-sharing
computer market” by adding a family of four small
systems to its present stable of six medium (200
and 400 series) and two large (600 series) T-S
computers. The 1640 series is aimed at the market
segment that Honeywell predicts will grow from
$63 million in 1970 to more than $310 million in
1975. The new “Number Two” said it expects to
capture about 10 percent of that market with its
Model 1642, 1644, 1646, and 1648A systems that
range in monthly rent from $2,995 for the 1642 to
$7,815 for the 1648A. Except for the 1648A, each
of the new 1600 family is built around dual Model
316 minicomputers — one used as a job processor
for computational functions; the other as a control
processor to monitor system functions. The 1648A
uses a Model 416 (for communications processing)
and a pair of Model 516s.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

DEC PDP-10 FOR COMMERCIAL USERS

Digital Equipment Corp. announcements of an
ANSI standard Cobol compiler, multiprogramming
batch software, and a remote batch terminal for
use with the DEC PDP-10 indicate that DEC is
getting away from its traditional position of selling
PDP-lOs to only the time-sharing and scientific
markets. Rod Belden, DECman in charge of mar-
keting the PDP-10 to business users, described
DEC’s strategy of developing a commercial EDP
image for the product as initially aimed at con-
vincing present educational and industrial PDP-10
users of their system’s new batch processing po-
tential. Following that, DEC will go all-out to pro-
mote the system for general commercial appli-
cations.

CDC WINS IRS CONTRACT

The much-prized Internal Revenue Service data
processing equipment contract has been awarded
to Control Data Corp. In a brief announcement,
CDC said it received a $29,284,674 contract from
the General Services Administration to provide
and install 10 medium-scale computer systems and
3,600 display terminals at IRS facilities throughout
the country. The systems and terminals will be
maintained for 5 years from the date of in-
stallation. While CDC and IRS have not yet an-
nounced the exact equipments and configurations
accepted, industry sources say that the mainframe
portion of the CDC offering consists of used hard-
ware. The computer systems will enable IRS to
interrogate directly taxpayer records stored in
massive computer files in 225 field offices.

ORDERS AND INSTALLATIONS

Interdata, Inc. has sold eight System Model 4 com-
puters to Macro Data, Inc., of Chatsworth, Cal. Total
value of the sale exceeds $120,000.

Silja Line, a major Finnish steamship concern head-
quartered in Turku, has contracted with Oy Sperry
Rand AB Finland for two Univac 9400 computer sys-
tems valued at $1.2 million. The first computer will
be delivered in April 1972 and the second in Novem-
ber 1972.

A contract for $297,000 worth of data collection
equipment has been awarded to The Standard Regis-
ter Company by the Federal government’s General
Services Administration. The order calls for 141
source record punch data collection units which are
to be installed in GSA motorpool locations across the
country.

The Port of New York Authority has awarded $372,-
000 to LFE Corporation for the development of a
Surface Traffic Control System (STRACS) for John F.
Kennedy International Airport. STRACS will be a
complete, automated system incorporating advanced
communication equipment to safely and efficiently
move aircraft, emergency, and other vehicles over
the airport between the terminal buildings and the
points of aircraft landing and take-off.

Innsbruck University, Innsbruck, Austria, has or-
dered an $800,000 Control Data 3300 computer
system which will provide centralized computer ser-
vices for the University’s science, engineering, eco-
nomics, philosophy, and computer science depart-
ments.

C. Itoh Electronic Computing Service Co., Tokyo, Ja-
pan, this month will install a Control Data 6600 com-
puter system to provide expanded data center ser-
vice to its customers. This CDC 6600 system will be
the first installation of a CDC 6000 Series system for
time-sharing use in the Far East area.

The Max Planck Institute at the University of Goet-
tingen, West Germany, has purchased a Sperry Rand
Univac 1108 computer system, valued at approxi-
mately $3.5 million.

SUCCESSFUL

SALES ORGANIZATIONS NEEDED

BCD Computing Corporation needs sales cover-
age throughout the United States. With a dra-
matically demonstrable product — the DIMBO-10,
you can immediately direct your organization to
new profits.

If you are systems and applications oriented in
your selling, you need the DIMBO-10.

For additional information on BC-DC, DIMBO-
10, and Profits, contact: Phillip M. Lumish, Direc-
tor of Marketing, BCD Computing Corporation,
100 E. Industry Court, Deer Park, N. Y. 11729.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

HAROLD V. SEMUNG JR., Washington Editor

DC DATASCAN

U.S. DOMINATION? — During the Senate debate on
funds for the supersonic transport (SST) Senator Barry
Goldwater (R. Ariz.) pointed out that the U.S. "no longer
leads in manufacture of computers or radios or television."
Senator Charles Percy rebutted by saying "that the com-
puter industry is dominated by the American market and
every country knows it." "Senator Percy's statement is cor-
rect/' Senator Goldwater replied, "if you are talking about
large, fast digital computers, but it is not correct for the
entire computer market." The Japanese, he added, now
dominate the calculator, small desk-type computer market.
The Arizona Senator seems to stretch the point by referring
to the calculator as a computer. It is not hard to see his
point that "Japan is determined to create a powerful com-
puter industry and every indicator points to a growing suc-
cess in this endeavor." But by the way, what's that got to
do with the price of the supersonic transport?

DE-URBANIZED SOCIETY — Dr. Peter C. Goldmark, Presi-
dent of CBS Laboratories in a recent talk to the National
Governor's Council on Science and Technology called for a
massive national effort using computer and communications
technology to create a new living pattern for a de-urba-
nized society. Future cities in the de-urbanized society
should be small using existing communities as nuclei, he
said. Two states — Conn, and Ga. — already have tar-
geted exploratory projects using "broadband communica-
tions" links forming highways of cables rather than cars
enabling people to transmit digital information talk by
picturephone and send photocopies to persons they are
meeting along these highways, he added. Broadband com-
munication networks, he believes, could be laid along exist-
ing highways and link any location in a de-urbanized
society for business operations, home services, educational,
and cultural purposes.

NAVY BUYS — Control Data Corp. has been awarded two
contracts by the U.S. Navy valued at $15.2 million to install
three CDC 6000 Series and six CDC 1700 computer systems
at the Naval Weapons Laboratory Dahlgren, Va., and the
Naval Ship Research and Development Center Carderock,
Md. A Control Data 6700 computer system and four CDC
1700 computers was installed in December, 1970, at NSRDC
will be used to solve engineering problems and to provide
technical support to the Center's staff. The installation will
be augmented by a CDC 6500 computer system at a later
date. In November 1970, the Naval Weapons Laboratory
installed a CDC 6700 system and two CDC 1700 Digi-
graphics systems.

COMPUTER ENHANCEMENT - National conferences
may employ computers as a matter of course if the ex-
perience of the White House Conference on Children is
any guide. Recommendations from 24 forums were made
to the President on the needs of America's children. To
guarantee the right mix for each forum, an RCA Spectra
70/45 computer was used to sort and match sex, age, race,
and other background information on the delegates. In ad-
dition, the 70/45 was used to rearrange names and ad-
dresses so as to prepare lists of delegates.

STANDARDIZATION — As part of a Government-wide ef-
fort to standardize methods of reporting factual material,
the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
has awarded a $228,000 contract to the System Devel-
opment Corp. (SDC), Falls Church, Va. The purpose of the
project is to design and implement an automated report
management system which will help HUD to manage the
reporting function more effectively. It will eliminate dupli-
cation in reporting, control the introduction of new reports,
and standardize data elements and their representations.

SAVINGS FROM LEASING — The General Accounting
Office (GAO) has completed a study of computer leasing
at the Government Printing Office (GPO) and reported its
results to Congress. GAO concluded that GPO should re-
duce rental costs by leasing its equipment from a com-
mercial leasing firm rather than from the manufacturer.

IN BRIEF

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Federal
Aviation Agency have signed an interagency agreement by which NASA
will provide technical and scientific data to support FAA's technical
program.

The National Academy of Science and the Army are negotiating a con-
tract for a study of advanced ballistic missile defense DP system for the
Safeguard System.

ANSI Standards Committee X3 has initiated work leading to standards
for recording digital information on magnetic tape cassettes.

U. S. Patent No. 3,528,177 was assigned to General Research, Inc., Green-
wich, Conn, for an inventory system.

The U. S. Army Signal Center and School, Fort Monmouth, N. J. has
hosted a regional conference on the application of computers to training.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

It had to happen

...and

it did.

By design— and to your benefit. Ampex was sure to offer
direct-access memory in the form of Disk-Drive and
Controller. Your gain is the new Ampex DM-312 Disk Drive
and DC-314 Controller, plug-interchangeable with the
IBM 2314 Disk Files for 360 and 370 Systems. First in a family
of Direct Access Memories from the one company that
deals helpfully with computer peripherals and comes up with
the better answer.

IT’S FAST ACCESS. Reliable voice coil head positioning,
as opposed to hydraulic. Optical position sensing, combined
with a closed-loop servo, further increases reliability and
decreases access time. Average of 32 msec access. Minimum
access is 8 msec, maximum is 58 msec. This means less
waiting for data on the 20 recording surfaces. . .faster
throughput and greater time and dollar savings.

IT’S PLUG-INTERCHANGEABLE. Direct replacement for the
IBM 2312 Drive and 2314 Controller combination, identical
in format density, ...and program compatible. One DC-314
controls up to 8 DM-312 Drives, with an optional 9th service
module. All solid state for maximum reliability.

IT’S PRICED RIGHT-AND SERVICED. If you could benefit
from a faster access replacement for your IBM disk drives,
you’ll save money with the Ampex DM-312 and DC-314, with
worldwide site installation and maintenance service.
Typically helpful and economic Ampex attention to OEM
requirements, the familiar Ampex approach to helping the
customer get the most out of a product.

AND IT’S ONLY THE BEGINNING. The pioneer company
dedicated to providing a complete line of computer
peripherals has to offer something better in direct-access
memory. Our brochure spells out just how much better.
Yours for the asking. Call or write Ampex Corporation,
Computer Products Division, 9937 West Jefferson Blvd.,
Culver City, Calif. 90230, (213) 836-5000.

Your computer counts on us.

AMPEX

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 9 ON INQUIRY CARD

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

POWER SHORTAGE — England's electric power
stoppage caused considerable difficulties for com-
puter users. A survey by the National Computing
Centre in Manchester of approximately 50 large
computer installations found 70% of the in-
stallations had some stoppage and only 20% had
alternate power supplies. Also, London newspapers
reported worker dissatisfaction because of payroll
delays.

HELP FOR GERMAN PRODUCERS — The German
Ministry for Education and Science plans to partici-
pate in a special finance company for EDP equip-
ment. This venture is designed to strengthen the
competitive position of German computer producers
by raising funds on the capital market with Govern-
ment guarantees and subsidies. It is expected to
help Siemens-Zuse and AEG Telefunken which now
have about 17% of the market compared to IBM's
62%.

GOOD SHOW — The U. S. Dept, of Commerce has
sponsored COMPUTER '70 — a Tokyo Trade Show.
It was a great success according to Commerce. The
54 participants are projecting more than $41.5 mil-
lion sales will result over the next 12 months and
they are estimating 24-month sales over $53 million.
Several American firms were successful in seeking
overseas representation.

COMPUTERS VULNERABLE — The American Cham-
ber of Commerce in Germany warns that the U. S.
will suffer sharp retaliation if import curbs are
enacted by the U. S. Congress. Vulnerable areas are
computers and electronic components. American
companies have approximately 80% of the German
computer market and “any restrictive measures
taken in this field would be disastrous to one of our
most lucrative and profitable businesses’’ in Ger-
many, the Chamber also reports.

MEXICAN OPPORTUNITY — The U. S. Department
of Commerce recently sponsored a Mexican ex-
position of electronic data processing equipment.
According to the Journal of Commerce, there are ap-
proximately 500 computers in that country. These
represent a quarter of the potential market. The
primary obstacles to the development of that market
are a shortage of qualified personnel and a com-
plicated customs structure. Opportunities for a time-
sharing service appear particularly interesting. RCA
plans to open a batch service bureau next year.

WORLD WEATHER REPORTING — A high-speed,
24-hour “hot” line between Tokyo, Japan, and
Washington, D.C., has been initiated by the U. S.
National Weather Service. It is one element of a vast
new system of global telecommunications for the ex-
change of weather data.

OLE! CHECKMATE — The Baltimore Post recently
reported upon a Madrid exhibition of Spanish in-
ventions through the ages. Of particular interest,
was a 50-year-old computer developed by the Span-
ish designer Leonardo Torres Quevedo. It plays
three-piece chess and wins every time, shouting
Checkmate in Spanish. If an opponent tries to cheat,
the machine flashes a warning light.

BLOOD BANK, DATA BANK — The Netherlands Red
Cross Blood Research Center, which stores and dis-
tributes rare blood throughout Europe, is planning to
merge its business and scientific work on a single
compatible computer system, thereby giving the lab-
oratory immediate access to more than 200,000
patient files. A Honeywell 316 minicomputer will
analyze blood samples and set up files after per-
forming on-line conversions of signal inputs from
test instrumentation equipment, such as auto-analy-
zers. The 316 will communicate via magnetic tape
with a Honeywell Model 125 computer, on which a
historical file of patient data will be maintained. The
computers will contribute to the Center’s work in
research and development of transfusion equipment
and in identifying blood samples, particularly relat-
ing to their genetic, biochemical, immunologic, and
organ transplant properties.

QUICKLY AROUND THE WORLD

A computer control system for preventing air pollu-
tion was discussed at the Second International Clean
Air Congress in Washington.

U. S. exports of computers and parts totaled $777
million for the first three quarters of 1970 — up
55% from the same period in 1969.

British European Airlines is extending its Beacon in-
stant seat reservation system to 22 cities in 9
countries in Europe.

A Honeywell 316 minicomputer is providing the
“brains” for a propulsion system trainer being de-
veloped by Rolls Royce.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Good news! Kodak KOM microfilmers
now give you microfiche.

The microfiche you see above holds 208 pages, plus title, that were recorded
from magnetic tape by the Kodak KOM-90 microfilmer in less than thirty seconds.
And with remarkable clarity, thanks to the new Kodak Versaform camera.

It lets you convert tape data to 1 6mm, 35mm, 82.5mm, and 1 05mm film at 24X
and 42X reduction ratios. The camera is retrofittable to KOM-90 microfilmers
already installed.

Whether your application requirements call for roll, strip, fiche, or tab-card-
size formats, all are possible using the Versaform camera. Couple this with one of
several available computer-generated indexing systems, and you have one more
reason to select Kodak for all your COM needs.

Find out more about Kodak’s total COM systems responsibility. Ask your
Kodak systems expert for details or write Eastman Kodak Company, Business Sys-
tems Markets Division, Dept. DP534, Rochester, N.Y. 14650.

Kodak Microfilm Systems

CIRCLE NO. 10 ON INQUIRY CARD *

CORPORATE AND FINANCIAL NEWS

Less than a year ago Viatron Com-
puter Systems’ founder and then-
president Dr. Edward M. Bennett
responded to queries on Viatron s
financial health by stating that the
company had $10 million in cash,
was paying its bills, had virtually
no bank debt at all, and was ship-
ping about 700 units a month.
Recently Dr. Bennett was just an-
other '‘interested party” at a meet-
ing of Viatron bondholders held in
Boston two weeks after the com-
pany failed to pay interest due on
some $14.8 million worth of con-
vertible debentures.

Total 1971 expenditures for re-
search and development in the
United States are expected to
reach $28.5 billion, according to
the annual R&D forecast prepared
by the Columbus Laboratories of
Battelle Memorial Institute. The
1971 forecast represents a rise of
3.6 percent over now estimated
1970 expenditures of $27.5 billion.
The increase follows closely the
growth rate in expenditures of the
past several years, but represents a
distinctly slower rate than in the
mid-1960s and earlier. The growth
rate from 1965 to 1966, for ex-
ample, was 9.0 percent. The mod-
est increase in estimated 1971 ex-
penditures, as Battelle sees it, will
result entirely from additional
funds provided by industry and by
colleges, universities, and other
not-for-profit institutions. Federal
support of R&D in 1971 is expected
to decline about 1.2pecent.

General Telephone & Electronics
Corp. has filed a proposal for a $27
million satellite communications
system with the FCC. The pro-
posed system would consist of four
earth stations interconnected to a
satellite 22,300 miles over the
equator, and provide capacity
equivalent to 10,560 voice-grade
channels. GT&E has already con-
cluded an agreement with Hughes
Aircraft Co. to lease the required
channels from one of two commu-
nications satellites that Hughes is
proposing for domestic use.

RECENT ENTRIES IN THE COM-
PUTER field: Applied Computer
Graphics Corp. of Silver Spring,
Md. will provide a wide range
of graphic systems design and
programming support services
. . . Boeing Computer Services,
a division of the Boeing Co.
since May of last year, has been
incorporated as a full-service
subsidiary. BCS begins its new
status with more than 250 cus-
tomers in 29 states. Not surpris-
ingly, however, the parent com-
pany remains its largest cus-
tomer . . . Control-By CRT, Inc.
of Torrance, Cal. will provide
real-time information manage-
ment services to small and
medium-sized businesses . . .
Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd.
of London and GTE Interna-
tional Inc., a subsidiary of Gen-
eral Telephone and Electronics
Corp., have formed three new
companies to provide telecom-
munications equipment and in-
formation systems. Thorn-Gen-
eral Telephone Ltd. will market

GTE products manufactured in
Europe and N. America; GTE
Information Systems Ltd. will
provide products, support func-
tions, and services to users; and
GTE International Ltd. will act
as a holding company for the in-
terests of GTE International in
the U. K.

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS:

Brokerage Transaction Services
Inc. recently formed by Ultronic
Systems Corp. and Control Data,
has acquired the assets of Wall
Street Information Services Inc.,
a New York firm providing auto-
mated systems for the brokerage
industry . . . U. S. Time-Shar-
ing, Inc. and Computer Network
Corp. announced an agreement
in principle whereby COMNET
acquires the computer business
of U. S. Time-Sharing, Inc. in re-
turn for 600,000 shares (60%)
of outstanding COMNET com-
mon stock . . . Leasco Systems
Corp., the consulting subsidiary

BOX SCORE OF EARNINGS

Company

Period

Revenues

Net Earnings
(Loss)

Adv. Computer

Techniques

6 mos.

9/30/70

1 ,539,21 3

(23,302)

(.03)

6 mos.

9/30/69

1,683,160

30,799

.04

Beta Instrument

9 mos.

9/30/70

1,799,518

16,184

.01

9 mos.

9/30/69

616,465

(322,310)

(.31)

Comress

9 mos.

9/30/70

3,594,000

(246,000)

(-)

9 mos.

9/30/69

3,661 ,000

392,000

—

EDP Technology

12 mos.

6/30/70

5,135,183

(2,481,773)

(-)

12 mos.

6/30/69

3,740,094

(1,298,008)

(-)

General Automation

12 mos.

7/31/70

7,454,230

(1,691,516)

(1.04)

12 mos.

7/31/69

2,008,132

(798,909)

(.63)

Inf. Interscience

12 mos.

6/30/70

1,402,760

(555,577)

(.34)

12 mos.

6/30/69

1 ,256,936

(692,460)

(.47)

Mohawk Data Sciences

3 mos.

10/31/70

21,780,000

1,265,000

.23

3 mos.

10/31/69

24,955,000

2,025,000

.37

Nat. Computer Sys.

9 mos.

10/31/70

2,904,374

(122,540)

(.23)

9 mos.

10/31/69

2,047,760

37,462

.08

Terminal Data

12 mos.

9/30/70

623,528

(268,837)

(.61)

1 2 mos.

9/30/69

40,105

(254,100)

(.76)

T racor

9 mos.

9/30/70

53,327,000

(142,000)

(.06)

9 mos.

9/30/69

63,621 ,000

2,086,000

.97

Wyle Laboratories

9 mos.

10/31/70

71,020,299

(249,547)

(.07)

9 mos.

10/31/69

77,196,554

1,166,902

.33

MODERN DATA/February 1971

of Leasco Data Processing
Equipment Corp., has sold its
Education Division to DeltaK
Inc. Purchase price was set at
$200,000 . . . EDP Technology,
Inc. and KMS Industries, Inc.
joindy announced approval of an
agreement for EDP Technology
to acquire the Electronic Fu-
tures Division and certain other
assets of KMS Industries in ex-
change for approximately eighty
percent of the stock of EDP
Technology . . . The acquisition
of Tempo Computers, Inc. of
Fullerton, Cal. has been an-
nounced by General Telephone
& Electronics Corp. Tempo
manufactures a series of small
computers especially designed
for data communications. Terms
of the transaction were not dis-
closed . . . Hathaway In-
struments, Inc., Denver, Col.,
has acquired the Century Elec-
tronics and Instruments Div. of
Century Geophysical Corp.,
Tulsa, Okla. . . . Leasepac
Corp. of Cleveland, Ohio has
reached an agreement in princi-
pal to acquire the computer disk
pack division of Datapax Com-
puter Systems Corp. of New
York . . . Planning Research
Corp. has acquired Realtronics
of Denver, Inc., a Colorado-
based company that provides
computerized services to the real
estate industry . . . Sierra Re-
search Corp. has acquired BCD
Computing Corp. of Deer Park,
N.Y. BCD’s president is Dan
Bowers, former editor-in-chief of
modern data and the designer
of the DIMBO-10 Information
Retrieval System, BCD’s princi-
pal product . . . TBS Computer
Centers Corp., a national data
processing services company,
has agreed in principle to ac-
quire Computech, Inc., a sub-
sidiary of International Systems
Associates, Ltd. . . . Telefile
Computer Corp. of Newton,
Mass, has acquired Interactive
Data Systems of Irvine, Cal., for
cash and Telefile common stock.
IDS’ name has been changed to
Telefile Computer Products, Inc.

DEBUG

ON-UNE SYSTEMS
FASTER AND
EASIER!

•»#

■U T-

•

The Spectron Universal Monitor
insures fast, accurate diagnosis of
on-line system problems.

Get on-line and stay on-line, with minimum system downtime. We offer a
simple, economical way to do this. Our Universal Monitor helps you pinpoint
problems in all system hardware and software by showing you — in the form
of hard copy — exactly what was sent and received over the data link. So errors
caused by software bugs, equipment malfunctions or line problems are
immediately visible. Less time is spent tracing problems because system
operation is shown in full detail.

The Universal Monitor is simple to install and is as easy for programmers to
use as it is for engineers. It connects to the business machine interface of any
standard modem, and automatically synchronizes with the data stream to
provide a record of every character on the line — not only the usual printable
characters, but all control characters as well. The system monitors any code
and speed up to 7200 bps, accommodates all line coordination systems, and
works with synchronous or start-stop transmissions.

There are two basic components of the Universal Monitor system. These are a
Monitor Control Unit which provides synchronization and control, and decodes
the monitored data for printing; and the Monitor Printing Unit which is a
high-speed non-impact printer. Other components are available which allow
switch-selection of lines to be monitored in a multi-line system. For more
information ora demonstration, fill in and return the coupon below.

Or call (609) 667-5700.

AT ION

1060 Kings Highway North
Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034

□ Please send technical bulletin
on Universal Monitor System.

□ Please arrange Universal Mon-
itor System demonstration at my
convenience.

Name_

-Title-

Company..
Address_
City

_State_

-Zip.

Telephone-

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 11 ON INQUIRY CARD

If your office needs to take or send information up to
1200 words per minute, we have a way.

Our Dataspeed' Magnetic Tape Terminal.

It bridges the gap between low-speed keyboard prep-
aration and high-speed on-line data transmission.

At the same time it reduces the cost of data transmis-
sion over regular telephone lines.

The data that is sent and received is recorded on a
compact cartridge that has a capacity for 150,000 char-
acters. And the tape is reusable once the information on
it is no longer needed.

Besides communicating at high speeds, the terminal
has a Forward/ Reverse mechanism that can search for
specific data on the tape at a rate of 4,000 characters per
second.

And time-consuming correction procedures are cut
to a minimum since individual lines or characters can be
easily located and corrected within a message.

The terminal can be adjusted to answer calls auto-
matically, too. Transmission can be sent and received over
regular telephone lines (Data-Phone® service] or private
line service.

Often at low-cost after-hour rates.

Call your local Bell Company Communications Con-
sultant for information on how our Magnetic Tape Ter-
minal can be implemented within your existing system
without major redesign.

The American Telephone and Telegraph Company
and your local Bell Company keep working to improve
telephone communications.

This time by helping you communicate at speeds up
to 1200 words per minute.

COMPUTER STOCK TRENDS

MONTH ENDED JANUARY 8, 1971

EXCH

COMPANY

PRICE

VOLUME (IN

100'S)

EARNINGS

1970/71

RANGE

(1)

YEAR

AGO

CLOSE
JAN. 8,
1971

MONTH

NET

CHG.

MONTH

CHG.

THIS

MONTH

(3)

LAST

MONTH

AVG.

VOL-

UME

(2)

PER SHARE
LATEST 12
MONTHS

PRICE-

EARNINGS

RATIO

BECKMAN

19- 52

49 1/2

3/8

+ 1

3/8

+5.2

1442

1163

1669

1.43

BURROUGHS

80-173

164 1/4

108

3/8

-2

1/2

-2.2

7487

9718

9099

3.63

CONTROL DATA

30-123

116

-1

1/2

-2.9

4249

6255

8070

1.28

DATA GENERAL

16- 36

N/A

3/8

-7

3/8

-26.5

(3)

0.28

DATACRAFT

3- 20

N/A

1/8

+ 1

3/8

+2 8.9

(3)

DIGITAL EQUIPMENT

50-124

104 3/8

-10

1/8

-16.0

3465

2894

5606

1.49

ELECTRONIC ASSOC

4- 12

10 5/8

5/8

+ 1

1/2

+36.3

1607

836

885

-2.63

GENERAL AUTOMATION

9- 42

N/A

3/4

-2

1/4

-16.0

(3)

-0.88

GENERAL ELECTRIC

6 0- 94

5/8

+2.8

6065

7999

7959

1.99

HEWLETT-PACKARD

19- 46

52 3/4

7/8

5/8

+2.0

3242

6432

3918

0.89

HONEYWELL

66-152

143 1/4

1/2

-1

3/8

-1.6

3629

6890

4919

4 .07

INTERDATA

3- 22

N/A

3/4

-1

1/2

-20.6

(3)

PHMPI ITFPQ N

IBM

223-387

369 1/2

314

1/2

-2

1/2

-0.7

5487

7481

9041

8.68

ww.w.. w.—.w N LITTON INDUSTRIES

15- 38

1/2

3/8

+6.8

7983

9551

11504

1.65

NCR

30- 6 \

7/8

5/8

+7.2

7017

7898

8014

2.08

1 9

RCA

18- 35

33 1/4

7/8

1/4

+0.9

8758

9577

8397

1.48

RAYTHEON

16- 34

31 5/8

3/8

7/8

+ 15.8

2836

2738

3084

2.35

REDCOR

4- 34

33 3/4

1/8

7/8

+ 16.6

(3)

-2.81

SCIENTIFIC CONTROL

1- 9

1/4

1/2

-28.5

(3)

-2.44

SPERRY RAND

19- 40

38 3/4

1/4

3/8

+9.5

21540

7450

11062

2.36

SYSTEMS ENGRG LABS

11- 49

46 3/8

1/2

-1

1/2

-9.3

1902

4138

5302

0.78

SYSTRON DONNER

8- 29

7/8

+ 1

1/8

+11.5

759

508

699

0.71

VARIAN ASSOCIATES

10- 29

27 7/8

1/2

3/4

+5.8

2431

1906

3899

0.68

VIATRON

1- 51

34 3/4

1/2

5/8

-29.4

(3)

-3.38

N 1

WANG LABS

19- 52

3/8

-3

1/8

-9.6

633

909

1802

0.81

A WYLE LABS

3- 10

8 5/8

1/8

5/8

+ 17.8

647

517

808

-0.04

N XEROX

66-116

106

5/8

1/8

+0.1

9320

11251

15069

2.33

ADVANCED MEMORY SYS

10- 38

N/A

1/2

0.0

(3)

AMP

41- 59

1/2

+ 1

3/4

+3.2

1473

1311

2284

2.01

AMP EX

13- 49

5/8

3/8

1/8

-0.7

3891

4388

5414

0.78

APPLIED MAGNETICS

9- 26

1/4

+ 1.5

(3)

0.54

ASTRODATA

1- 35

N/A

1/2

1/8

+33.3

(3)

ASTRO SYSTEMS

2- 9

3/4

1/8

-2.1

(3)

BUNKER RAM0

6- 15

1/4

1/8

+ 1.2

2804

3164

3783

0.49

CALCOMP

11- 36

1/2

1/4

-10

5/8

-30.4

7343

6211

4942

0.49

CHALCO INDUSTRIES

1- 5

N/A

3/8

+23.0

(3)

CODEX

3- 38

N/A

1/4

1/2

+8.6

(3)

CO GAR

37- 94

+ 14

+2 7.4

(3)

COGN IT RON ICS

3- 14

3/4

1/4

5/8

-9.0

(3)

-0.30

COLLINS RADIO

10- 37

7/8

3/4

-5.0

1509

1355

1931

-0.37

COMCET

4- 50

1/4

3/8

+4 8.7

(3)

COMPUTER COMM

5- 36

1/4

-3.4

(3)

-0.41

COMPUTER CONSOLES

6- 22

1/2

3/4

5/8

-8.4

(3)

COMPUTEST

12- 28

1/2

1/8

+ 1

+7.6

446

567

517

0.98

C0NRAC

11- 32

3/8

+ 1

5/8

+ 11.0

440

538

438

1.00

DATA 100

5- 17

1/2

3/4

1/2

+48.2

(3)

DATA PRODUCTS

5- 26

5/8

1/4

0.0

(3)

0.25

PERIPHERALS

DATARAM

2- 16

N/A

1/2

+20.0

(3)

DATA RECOGNITION

1- 10

N/A

1/2

-11.1

(3)

DATASCAN

4- 27

1/2

+44.4

(3)

DIGITRONICS

3- 14

1/4

3/4

+ 1

3/8

+40.7

(3)

-0.18

COMPONENTS

ELEC ENG OF CAL

4- 15

1/4

+ 1

1/8

+2 7.2

253

175

-0. 20

ELEC MEMORIES + MAG

7- 40

5/8

3/8

+4.5

4806

5293

6351

0.20

EXCELLO

17- 28

3/4

3/8

+ 16.8

1705

1628

1030

2.22

FABRI-TEK

2- 8

3/8

1/4

1/2

-18. 1

(3)

-0.09

FARRINGTON MFG

1- 17

3/4

1/8

-6.6

(3)

-2.14

GERBER SCIENTIFIC

9- 39

7/8

3/8

-3.0

384

179

380

0.65

GRAPHIC SCIENCES

8-4 2

1/4

1/2

+ 1

5/8

+ 10.9

(3)

-1. 56

HI-G

5- 17

5/8

1/4

1/8

-2.3

(3)

-0.07

INFORMATION DISPLAYS

4- 20

1/4

-3.8

(3)

ITEL

6- 26

7/8

-1

1/8

-7.0

(3)

0.90

LOGIC

4- 14

1/2

3/4

+ 18.7

(3)

MILG0

15- 41

3/4

-5

-17.8

5170

5749

10849

1.11

MOHAWK DATA SCIENCES

19- 87

3/8

1/4

-3

1/4

-12.2

2471

4668

6045

1.43

NORTH ATLANTIC I HD

2- 8

3/4

1/2

1/4

+ 11. 1

(3)

0.70

OPTICAL SCANNING

11- 52

1/2

0.0

(3)

-0.54

POTTER INSTRUMENTS

15- 43

1/2

5/8

-3.3

2838

891

3035

0.90

RECOGNITION EQUIP

12- 84

+ 1

7/8

+ 13.2

(3)

-2.15

SANDERS ASSOCIATES

7- 30

5/8

1/2

+ 1

3/4

+ 14.8

1678

1272

1525

0.19

SANGAMO

9- 29

1/8

5/8

1/8

+0.8

1013

844

1156

0.46

SCAN -DATA

5- 53

1/2

1/4

+36.0

(3)

SEALECTRO

4- 13

7/8

3/4

+ 18.1

187

144

2 24

0.07

SYKES DATATRONICS

2- 9

N/A

1/8

+4.3

(3)

TALLY

10- 23

3/4

1/4

-2.0

(3)

0.21

TELEX

10- 26

1/4

5/8

-4

3/4

-23.3

27228

20972

30777

0.99

TEXAS INSTRUMENTS

62-135

132

3/4

- 1

-1.2

2067

3703

3816

3.08

VARIFAB

1- 5

3/4

+ 1

+5 7.1

(3)

FOOTNOTES: ( 1 ) TO NEAREST DOLLAR

(2) AVERAGE MONTHLY TRADING VOLUME SINCE JANUARY 1 , 1970

(3) VOLUME IS NOT REPORTED FOR OVER-THE-COUNTER ISSUES AND NEW LISTINGS

EXCH: N=NEW YORK EXCHANGE ; A —A MERIC A N EXCHANGE, Q=OVER-THE-COUNTER; L=N ATIONAL EXCHANGE;

All statistics compiled, computed and formatted by TRADE * QUOTES Inc.. Cambridge. Mass. 02139

TRADE QUOTES

EXCH

COMPANY

PRICE

VOLUME (IN 100'S)

EARNINGS

1970/71

RANGE

(1)

YEAR

AGO

CLOSE
JAN. 8,
1971

MONTH

NET

CHG.

MONTH

CHG.

THIS

MONTH

(3)

LAST

MONTH

AVG.

VOL-

UME

(2)

PER SHARE
LATEST 12
MONTHS

PRICE-

EARNINGS

RATIO

SOFTWARE

SERVICES

SUPPLIES

ACCESSORIES

A APPLIED DATA RESCH
0 APPLIED LOGIC
0 ARIES

N AUTOMATIC DATA PROC
A BOLT, BERANEK, NEWMA
0 BOOTHER COMPUTER
0 BRANDON APPLIED SYS
0 COMP ENVIRONMENTS
0 COMPUTER EXCHANGE
A COMPUTER INVESTORS

0 COMPUTER METHODS
0 COMPUTER PROPERTY
N COMPUTER SCIENCES
0 COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
0 CTC COMPUTER
0 COMPUTER USAGE
A COMPUTING + SOFTWARE
0 COM-SHARE
0 CYBERMAT ICS
0 DATA AUTOMATION

0 DATA DYNAMICS
N DATA PROC FIN + GEN
0 DATA SYSTEMS ANALYST
0 DATRONIC RENTAL
A DEARBORN COMPUTER
0 DECISION SYSTEMS
0 DIGITAL APPLICATIONS
0 DIGITEK
A DPA , INC
0 EFFICIENT LEASING

A ELEC COMP PROG INST
0 ELEC DATA SYSTEMS
A GREYHOUND COMPUTER
0 INFORMATICS
0 INTL COMPUTER
L INTL COMPUTER SCI
N LEASCO
0 LEVIN-TOWNSEND
0 LMC DATA
0 MGMT ASSISTANCE

A MANAGEMENT DATA
0 NATIONAL COMP ANAL
N PLANNING RESEARCH
0 PROGRAMMING METHODS
L PROGRAMMING SCIENCES
0 PROGRAMMING SYSTEMS
0 SCIENTIFIC COMPUTER
N SCIENTIFIC RESOURCES
0 SYSTEMS CAPITOL
0 TIME SHARE

0 TRACOR COMPUTING
A URS SYSTEMS
0 UNITED DATA CENTERS
N UNIVERSITY COMPUTING
0 US TIME SHARING

N ADAMS MILL IS
0 BALTIMORE BUS FORMS
A BARRY WRIGHT
A CAPITOL INDUSTRIES
A DATA DOCUMENTS
0 DATA PACKAGING
N DENNISON MFG
N DUPONT

N ENNIS BUSINESS FORMS
0 GENERAL BINDING

0 GRAPHIC CONTROLS
0 LEWIS BUSINESS FORMS
N MEMO REX
N 3M

0 MOORE CORP LTD
0 REYNOLDS + REYNOLDS
A SAFEGUARD INDUSTRIES
0 STANDARD REGISTER
N UARCO

0 WALLACE BUS FORMS

1/8

1/2

+10,

333

N/A

1/2

+50.

(3)

3/8

1/4

-15.

(3)

22-

7/8

3/4

-1

1/2

-3.

, 1

1383

1/2

1/8

+2.

(3)

1/2

1/4

1/2

+11.

(3)

N/A

1/8

-11.

. 1

(3)

N/A

1/4

-20.

(3)

1/2

3/4

1/4

-6,

(3)

1/4

3/4

5/8

+2 2.

363

1/2

1/8

-20.

(3)

N/A

3/4

+ 15.

(3)

1/4

3/8

3/4

-7.

4157

N/A

5/8

+21.

(3 )

1/2

7/8

3/4

+35.

(3)

1/4

+5.

(3)

18-

7/8

-1

1/4

-4 .

734

N/A

1/2

+ 1

1/4

+2 9.

(3)

1/4

3/4

-8.

(3)

N/A

7/8

5/8

+50.

(3)

N/A

1/4

+33.

(3)

3/8

7/8

5/8

+5.

3262

N/A

1/2

1/4

+ 11.

, 1

(3)

1/2

-20.

(3)

10-

7/8

+25.

713

N/A

1/2

3/4

-60.

(3)

1/2

7/8

-36.

(3)

N/A

1/4

)

(3)

+25.

819

7/8

3/8

-30.

(3)

3/4

5/8

1/8

+3.

175

31-:

161

153

3/4

1/4

+ 10.

(3)

1/2

5/8

+ 1

1/4

+ 19,

529

3/4

+ 1

3/4

+29,

(3)

1/4

+ 12,

(3)

N/A

1/8

+14,

(3)

1/2

1/8

7/8

+20.

. 1

15689

1/4

1/8

+2.

(3)

1/4

5/8

(3)

N/A

7/8

1/4

+40,

(3)

3/4

3/8

5/8

+8,

288

1/2

7/8

-36.

. 8

(3)

14-

3/4

-1

1/2

-8,

2229

1/2

+12,

(3)

N/A

1/4

+33.

(3)

1/8

+6 ,

(3)

7/8

1/8

+7.

. 1

(3)

7/8

3/8

+ 10.

2785

1/2

1/8

+ 1

7/8

+83.

(3)

N/A

3/8

3/4

+ 120.

(3)

1/4

1/8

)

(3)

1/4

1/2

3/4

+ 11.

, 1

(3)

1/2

+2 5.

(3)

14-

3/8

7/8

5/8

-2.

3979

N/A

3/4

—

1/4

-12 .

(3)

3/4

7/8

1/4

+27,

904

N/A

1/4

-1

-13,

. 7

(3)

3/8

7/8

-9

565

12-

1/4

+ 12,

1190

15-

3/8

+19

161

1/2

3/8

+ 1

5/8

+28,

(3)

11-

7/8

5/8

+ 1

3/4

+8,

2067

93-

135

104

5/8

134

3/4

+4 ,

3245

7/8

3/4

+ 1

1/4

+ 11,

810

14-

1/2

(3)

1/4

1/2

1/8

-1.

(3)

10-

1/2

1/4

-2 ,

(3)

46-

167

153

1/2

7/8

-26

5/8

-33,

14686

72-

115

113

1/2

7/8

1/8

-0,

2406

27-

N/A

1/4

+ 1

1/4

+3.

(3)

25-

1/2

3/4

-2,

(3)

3/4

5/8

7/8

+8,

749

17-

1/4

3/4

+15,

. 2

(3)

22-

3/4

1/4

1/2

+ 1.

. 9

106

7/8

1/8

-0,

, 6

(3)

350

773

2052

3378

165

281

4175

9744

1167

1874

4116

3489

349

589

556

673

217

347

243

349

9991

8359

111

231

2302

2857

2178

3709

6662

13291

438

476

509

578

1328

1519

118

832

1345

3551

3820

493

359

9010

12717

5401

5333

746

542

109

180

-0.31

0.70

0.26

1.57

0.57

0.16

-2.05

1.32

0.36

1.96

0.69

0.01

0.67

0.76

0.04

- 1.20

0.69

0.72

0.14

0.09

-0.98

-0.89

0.41

0.97

1.19

0.62

1.44

1.68

0.51

1.54

7.02

0.85

0.84

0.27

0.85

1.53

3.31

1.49

0.81

1.98

2.16

1.17

363

194

14
13

15
19

14
30

24
12
35
29

25
13
10
12

COMPUTER STOCKS

12-36

37.34

18.49

+0.13

+0.7

0.74

25.0

DOW JONES INDUSTRIALS

631-838

800.36

837.01

+ 11.09

+ 1.3

3.19

16.0

Written for the Modern Data GEM Report by Oyer Professional Computer Services,
this 250 page indexed volume offers a complete systems approach to training. It is
offered to you on a 1 0 day trial period for just $150.

This Modern Data GEM Report shows
how to :

• Train top management

• Train the non-EDP professional

• Develop your own courses without
incurring high consulting costs

• Transform poor installations into
good installations

• Good installations into excellent
installations

• Excellent installations into outstand-
ing ones.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 . Introduction

2. The Need For Training

3. The Systems Approach To Training

4. The Three Major Modes Of EDP Training

5. Sources Of EDP Training

6. Applying The Systems Approach: Establishing A Comprehensive Training Program

7. Organization And Staff

8. Curricula And Courses

9. Potential Problems And Solutions For The Typical Installation

10. General Guidelines

1 1. Case Analyses
Bibliography
Appendices

Fill out the attached coupon and order yours today.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CORPORATE PROFILE

Featured this Month:

REPCO INCORPORATED (wholly -owned subsidiary of Scope, Inc., Reston, Va. )
1940 Lockwood Way
Orlando, Fla. 32804

officers: Paul K. McKenney, Jr., President; How-
ard H. Howland, Vice-Pres. -Marketing; John P.
Daly, Vice-Pres. -Engineering; George W. Madi-
son, Jr., Secy. -Treasurer.

background: Incorporated in November 1961, the
company began operations in early 1962, primarily
on special electronic items and sub-assemblies on
government contracts. The primary products were
highly sophisticated VHF-FM portable trans-
ceivers. Since then, government contract work has
been phased out and the company has oriented
itself toward commercial markets.

In late 1968 Repco was acquired by Scope Inc.,
of Reston, Va. The latter company designs, devel-
ops, and manufacturers specialized electronic
equipment on government contracts. These in-
clude electronic warfare items, information acqui-
sition and analysis equipment, and specialized
classified products. In addition, Scope has devel-
oped a number of items for future commercial use,
including an impactless printer transferred to
Repco for finalization of design, marketing, and
manufacturing.

facilities: Repco Inc., occupies a 36,000 square
foot facility located in Orlando, Fla. Additional re-
search and development work is carried on at the
headquarters of the parent company which oc-
cupies a building of 80,000 square feet in Reston,
Va. Repco employs approximately 275 people.

products: Repco manufacturers and markets

products in three groups: 1. EDP Products: Initial
product in this category is an inexpensive, high-
speed, electrostatic, impactless printer originally
developed at Scope Inc. and more recently trans-
ferred to Repco for finalization of design, manu-
facturing, and marketing. The unit is designed for
use as a hard copy device with CRT’s or as a
printer for minicomputers. It can be interfaced

with a variety of equipment now on the market
and adjusted to print at variable speeds from 1 cps
to 120 cps. A printer with keyboard will be avail-
able shortly. 2. Mobile Communications Products:
Repco’s VHF-FM portable transceivers have cap-
tured wide reception in domestic and foreign mar-
kets. 3. Special Products: For the fast growing
market in data acquisition and transmission equip-
ment, particularly for use in environmental moni-
toring, remote alarm, and reporting, Repco has de-
veloped a wide range of telemetry transmitters
and receivers. This equipment is used to enter
data into the large computer systems of research
centers.

current position: The financial results of Repco
Inc. are understandably confidential. However,
the consolidated statement of the parent company,
Scope Inc. is reported here.

The company is in a strong financial position
with a current ratio of approximately 8 to 1. Its
cash position is more than adequate to fund prod-
uct development and marketing efforts to expand
its current product line and enter new markets.

outlook: Repco each year has shown steady
growth and profits even during the current reces-
sion. Through investment in research and devel-
opment of new products, expansion of marketing
facilities, and sales outlets, Repco expects that its
1971 growth rates will exceed those of the markets
in which it participates.

SCOPE INC.

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31

Sales

Net Income

Earnings
Per Share

Six months

(ended 7/3/70)

$ 6,188,946

$ 292,793

$.26

1969

15,658,798

583,528

.52

1968

16,461,088

1,060,061

.93

1967

10,027,789

232,255

.22

MODERN DATA/February 1971

right connection

This Bunker-Ramo data terminal
system gives a telephone company
instant access to 2,000,000 records.

Bunker-Ramo has the right connection for your computer,
too. We have more experience placing people in direct, real-
time visual contact with their computer data than anyone else.

Typical of this capability is the data entry and retrieval sys-
tem installed for the Trunk Facilities Administration Staff of a
major telephone company.

A slow and inaccurate punch card and paper printout sys-
tem was replaced by a network of Series 2200 CRT (Cathode
Ray Tube) terminals which gives instant entry and retrieval to
and from the company's IBM computer.

Errors were drastically reduced as entries are visually ver-
ified and edited on the screen before transmittal. And the
phone company now makes between 8,000 and 12,000 com-
puter inquiries and entries daily, an impossible dream before
this system.

To prove that Bunker-Ramo has the right connection for
your computer, let us show you some of the systems we've
built for utilities, manufacturers, hospitals and businesses of
all kinds.

For a demonstration, contact Mr. Guy Mallery, Vice Pres-
ident, Business & Industry Division, The Bunker-Ramo Corpo-
ration, 407 Fairfield Ave., Stamford, Connecticut 06904. Phone
(203) 348-4291.

The rea[ real-time people.

I THE BUNKER-RAMO CORPORATION

■ <8> Business & Industry Division

Branch offices throughout the U.S. and in Toronto, Canada.

CIRCLE NO. 12 ON INQUIRY CARD

COMMUNICATIONS CLINIC

DATA NETWORK CONTROL

JOSEPH T. REUSS, Corporate Tele-Communications Dept. • The Singer Co., New York, N.Y.

+ ,

Communications Clinic is a regular monthly column written by
the staff of Berglund Associates, Inc., consultants in telecommu-
nications. Readers are invited to submit questions on any aspect
of communications or suggestions for future Clinics to:

Communications Clinic
c/o Berglund Associates, Inc.

1060 Kings Highway North
Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034

The problems encountered in implementing, oper-
ating, and maintaining data communications ser-
vices can be extremely frustrating. In such sys-
tems, a major problem has always been
determining where the vendor’s responsibility
stops in relation to trouble isolation. Of course,
this responsibility has always stopped with that
particular vendor’s equipment, but recently a new
entity has been introduced which complicates the
implementation, trouble-shooting, and main-
tenance problems more than ever before. This new
entity is yet another vendor, who provides what is
known as the non-Bell modem. Thus, for the user
of non-Bell modems, there is now a third vendor
who must be considered when the teleprocessing
system becomes inoperable. This and other prob-
lems, such as poor service quality and excessive
dispatch times, have created for the user a need to
take a more active part in the isolation of service
problems.

The first thing that comes to mind at this point
is, then, why use a non-Bell modem if the user
must now face new problems? The answer to this
question is that there can be many benefits in cost,
speed, and physical size to be gained by using
non-Bell modems. One must also consider the fac-
tors of availability and flexibility. Availability
means that such devices can be obtained within
reasonably short periods of time, thus cutting
down on long installation intervals. Flexibility
means that changes in transmission speed and

equipment locations can be accomplished (with
the proper circuit design) by merely repatching
between data sets.

The long existing problems of operating and
maintaining a teleprocessing system — com-
pounded by the introduction of a third vendor —
require that the system have an overall directing
force or controlling factor. What better entity is
there for this than the user himself? The user is
the one who has the most to lose if the job is not
completed on time, or is not configured correctly,
or is a completely inflexible system that cannot be
maintained easily and properly.

There are many tactical approaches a user can
take in effecting network or system control, but
not all include, as they should, the ability to moni-
tor and test in implementation stages, and during
everyday operation. The special hardware neces-
sary for such monitoring and testing can be ratio-
nalized when one considers that an effective net-
work control system requires not only people who
can observe and react to problems, but also hard-
ware which can provide the interface and testing
capability to enable fast, accurate, and thorough
observations.

In a recent consulting assignment, we were privileged
to inspect the Data Network Control Center built and
installed by the Singer Company at their Wayne,
New Jersey Data Center. The system so impressed us
that we invited one of the designers, Joseph Reuss
of Singer, to do a guest Clinic on the subject. The
center is very unusual in our experience, but repre-
sents, perhaps, what is needed by users to cope with
the service problems of on-line systems. It is cer-
tainly a Cadillac approach. As a followup to this,
however, we hope to do a future clinic on some
"Volkswagens" — individual pieces of data com-
munication equipment on the market and their appli-
cation to user problems.— Berglund Associates, Inc.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

As a case in point, the Singer Company has in-
stalled a data network control system which was
designed and manufactured by the company at its
Tele-Signal Division in Woodbury, Long Island.
Emphasis in developing the hardware was given
to simplicity of use, modularity, and total inter-
connection with both private line and dial-up data
communication services. Connections to the sys-
tem are to patch panels, permitting inter-
connections on an as-required basis. The system
interfaces both the analog and digital sides of
equipment on private line circuits using non-Bell
modems or multiplexers. Interface access to Bell
modems is confined to the digital side only. Those
services using data access arrangements and non-
Bell modems with dial-up capability have inter-
face access on the analog and digital sides of the
device; dial-up services using Bell modems have in-
terface access on the digital side only. Monitoring
and testing is accomplished by the use of a spe-
cially designed key panel and by patches which
connect the available test devices to any individ-
ual data circuit. The test devices are usable for
both electronic and control logic evaluation of the
data link. These devices include an oscilloscope,
bit transmission test set, transmission level measur-
ing meter, and an EIA lead status display.

As the backbone of our data network control,
we use this system on a daily basis. All inoperative
and new data communication lines are tested
through the system before they are considered to
be ready for normal operation. Scheduled tests are
made of each individual working data line to in-
sure that they are operating within performance
standards. The total data network control oper-
ation depends heavily on the information obtained
through the use of the control center equipment.

Past experience had indicated that when the re-
sponsibility for a data line problem was in ques-
tion, the user had to look forward to a very
lengthy inoperative period before service was re-
stored. The ability to test inoperative data lines
ourselves has shortened our down-time consid-
erably. The trouble call can now be immediately
placed to the responsible vendor, and the problem
explained clearly and accurately. The vendor can
react faster, and with a much higher degree of
certainty that the problem is his to solve.

The testing capability of new data services is an

important feature of the control center. It has en-
abled us to shorten our implementation time and
provide workable data services to our users with
the minimum amount of delay. And our users are
also assured that their data links with the host
computer are of appropriate quality and readily
serviceable should problems develop.

The scheduled testing of working data lines is
conducted as a preventive measure by catching
service outages before they happen. Transmission

The Data Network Control Systems at Singer Corp.'s Wayne,
N. J. Data Center

levels are checked and error counts taken on each
data line on a periodic basis. This information is
then logged and evaluated for indications that a
service outage is impending.

The advantages in having this type of testing
and evaluation capability are all related to the
most important aspect of data communications —
service. With the information obtained from the
syster' 1 die data user can now deal effectively with
his vendors in regard to operational problems. The
user can also plan more effectively because he can
anticipate where a problem may occur which
could delay the installation of a new data line or
put an existing line out of service. The level of
sophistication to which this system has brought us
has enabled us to advance teleprocessing within
our company at an accelerated pace. A

MODERN DATA/February 1971

It’s true.

After helping a jillion feet of paper
tape wind and unwind its way
through communications systems
everywhere, Teletype announces the
addition of magnetic tape data
terminals.

There are some basic advantages in
both mediums. But as you are well
aware, the medium that's right for a
system depends a lot on the applica-
tion criteria.

The new magnetic tape data termi-
nals have many operational features
that make life less complicated for
the operator.

Teletype is a trademark registered in the U.S. Pat. Office.

New, modular line of Teletype® 4210
magnetic tape data terminals.

For example, take a look at the tape
cartridge, which was specifically de-
signed for reliability required for
data transmission.

Its vital statistics are: 3" x 3" x 1".

It contains 100 feet of y 2 ” precision
magnetic tape.

It will hold 150,000 characters of
data, recorded at a density of 125
characters per inch. The equivalent
of a 1000 foot roll of paper tape.

This means that your data is easier
to store, easier to handle, easier to
work with than ever before. And it's
reusable.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

DATA COMMUNICATIONS

equipment for on-line, real-time processing

The units have a “fast access" switch
which will move tape forward or
reverse at a speed of 33 inches per
second. A digit counter provides a
reference point to help locate vari-
ous areas of the tape.

Four ASCII control code characters
can be recorded in the data format
to aid character search operations.
When the terminal's “search" but-
ton is pressed, tape moves at the
rate of 400 characters per second

until the control code selected is
detected. Then the terminal stops
the tape automatically.

A “single step" switch is also pro-
vided which enables you to move the
tape forward or backward one char-
acter at a time. In editing or correct-
ing tape, you can send a single
character using this feature.

Also magnetic tape adds high speed
on-line capability to low speed data
terminals.

You can zip data along the line at up
to 2400 words per minute. For ex-
ample: Take a standard speed Tele-
type keyboard send-receive set, and
a typical typist. Add a new magnetic
tape unit to this combination and
the on-line time savings can pay for
the magnetic tape terminal in short
order.

An operator can prepare data for
magnetic tape transmission using
the keyboard terminal in local mode.
Then send it on-line via the magnetic
tape terminal up to 2400 words per
minute.

These new modular magnetic tape
data terminals offered by Teletype
are perfectly compatible with model
33, model 35, model 37 and Inktronic®
keyboard send-receive equipment.

Straight-through threading makes
tape loading and unloading excep-
tionally easy.

They can send or receive at high or
low speed. Or can be used indepen-
dently as stand-alone terminals on-
line.

If you would like to know more about
this new line of Teletype magnetic
tape data terminals, please write
Teletype Corporation, Dept 40-15,
5555 Touhy Avenue, Skokie, Illinois
60076.

Teletype 4210 magnetic tape data ter-
minal with 37 keyboard send-receive
set.

machines that make data move

TELETYPE

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 13 ON INQUIRY CARD

SOURCE DATA 0 AUTOMATION

THE LOW-COST OCR

LAWRENCE A. FEIDELMAN, Vice Pres. • Information Spectrum Inc., Cherry Hill, N.J.

THE LOW-COST OCR

The field of optical character recognition has been
noted for both its inventiveness and its expensive
equipment. The obvious advantage to the data
processing manager of having a machine “read” is
offset by the $3,000 a month or more rental he
must pay for it. Therefore, only those data proc-
essing managers who have seen their data input
costs skyrocket have been willing to give OCR a
chance. A basic rule of thumb has been that OCR
can be economically sound for installations having
8 or more keypunch operators processing about a
half-million characters daily.

Potential users having a lower volume could not
consider OCR, and borderline volume installations
often stayed away from OCR because of a general
mistrust of OCR capabilities. Of course, the OCR
companies have seen heavy competition from key-
board to tape manufacturers who can sell their
equipment to low-volume users and provide low-
cost expansion.

Now all that is about to change. The advent of
the low-cost OCR machine (under $20,000) is
here. Although such machines are now being man-
ufactured predominantly by smaller companies,
they should provide the incentive for additional
competition from large manufacturers. The void of
low-cost OCR machines has been noted for many
years, but marketing, rather than technical capa-
bility prevented their appearance.

Interestingly, the manufacturer movement to a
lower-cost optical character reader was indirect
and due mainly to the remote optical character
reader (ROCR), an OCR scanner for transmitting
data over telephone lines. These units have the
characteristics of being slow, usually hand-fed,
and inexpensive. Some manufacturers separated

Mr. Feidelman is a regular contributor to Source Data Automation.

Fig. 1 Cognitronics' System 70 Optical Character Reader

the scanner and recognition units at opposite ends v
of the telephone line, but others devised small
OCR terminal units which transmit recognized
characters instead of scanner data. These reduced
data transmission costs since only the character
code is transmitted.

With the manufacturing of the OCR data ter-
minal, slight design changes were needed to sell it
separately as an OCR reader for under $50,000.
Cognitronics announced its System 70 (Fig. 1), an
und^r-$35,000 unit having the same capability of
reading multi-font and numeric handprint as the
ROCR terminal. Infoton, which had a single-font
remote optical scanner, similarly announced a self-
contained OCR machine. Univac did not produce
a terminal, but did announce an under-$50,000
document reader.

The low-cost OCR breakthrough, however,
came with the announcement by Allied Computer
Systems, Inc. of a less than $20,000 numeric
single-font document reader. Their ReaDoc Sys-
tem is sold as either a self-contained unit or as part

MODERN DATA/February 1971

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Fig. 2 Sample of coded font scanned by Datatype Corp.'s Dataflow Optical Reading System

of a multi-scanner system with its own computer.
ReaDoc is presently being used in such appli-
cations as reading turnaround documents for the
banking industry. With customer statements, for
example, the customer account number is read off
the statement and the amount of the accom-
panying check is entered via an associated key-
board. Also, a small electronics firm, Information
Technology, Inc. of Pennsauken, N.J., announced
it was manufacturing and selling a similar numeric
OCR reader capable of reading four different
fonts. Their 3600 model has a display and key-
board for data insertion and error correction; is
priced to the OEM market at $6,000 in orders of 100.

Datatype Corp. of Miami, Fla. decided to take a
different approach to OCR and produced an op-
tical page reader which reads a miniature digital
code printed under the character (Fig. 2). Their
“Dataflow” system, which sells for $10,000, is cer-
tainly a low-cost alternative to keypunching. The
data can be typed or printed on the page and can
be both read by humans and the machine alike.
Although not classified as an optical character
reader by purists, it serves the same function and
at a lower cost.

Viatron at one time announced plans to manu-
facture and market a $7,000 OCR machine which

would read a specially-designed character font
(“Viafont”), but has since stopped production on
the unit. Identimation, a subsidiary of Sibany
Corp., claims to have developed a handprint
reader for under $4,000 to the OEM markets. An
announcement by CDC of a new line of lower-cost
optical character readers is expected soon. One
would also expect IBM to produce such equip-
ment after its popularity is attained.

The existence of low-cost OCR machines holds
great promise for both potential users and the in-
dustry. Although these machines can be expected
to have limitations in font and document length, a
cost breakthrough has occurred and more sophis-
ticated low-cost OCR machines can be expected
in the next few years.

Their basic applications at present are for turn-
around documents and as keypunch replacements.
The user cannot expect either the format flexibil-
ity or the multi-font capability of the more ex-
pensive machines, but he will have a system that
can show definite economic advantages over key-
punching. With growing confidence in the capa-
bility of OCR at a nominal cost, the marketing of
the higher-priced models will be easier.

The advent of the low-cost reader has not come
too soon. ▲

MODERN DATA/February 1971

“The chief likes it fine , Smythe , but , he thinks you
could clean up your input a bit more”

WHAT HATH BABBAGE WROUGHT Dept

BRANCH AND GIGGLE

The following item appeared in The Univer-
sity of Michigan Daily after a recent Student
Government Council election:

“Congratulations to Kirby Dilworth, voter
No. 3688. You were the only student in the
University of Michigan to vote both “Yes”
and “No” on the bookstore referendum in the
recent SGC election, and to put your ID num-
ber on your ballot. You could have been the
821st person to vote “Yes” or the 834th person
to vote “No” or the 258th person to abstain.
Instead, you have chosen this unique alterna-
tive. Never in all my years of reading ballots
and spewing out results have my triodes been
so titillated.

(signed) IBM 360/67

Submitted by:

David K. Polacsek
Park Forest South, 111.

EVERYTHING CLEAR NOW?

The following memorandum was issued by
the Department of Computer Science, Univer-
sity of Illinois:

TO: Recipients of 48-Hour Notices
RE: 48-Iiour Notices

From time to time a copy of a 48-Hour No-
tice that is no longer relevant is included in
our mailings. These notices generally refer to
those times a piece of equipment or the entire
system will not be available for regularly
scheduled production. Since 48-Hour Notices
are numbered sequentially, these irrelevant
notices are included so that recipients of no-
tices can, if they desire, be assured that a
more pertinent notice has not been inadver-
tently omitted.

Submitted by:

M. J. Foster

Dept, of Computer Science
University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign

MODERN DATA will pay $10.00 for any computer- or EDP-
related item published in our WHAT HATH BABBAGE
WROUGHT DEPT. Humorous ‘information’ for considera-
tion may include weird memos or operating instructions,
unusually incongruous documentation, and off-beat items of
a general nature (for review by our off-beat editors). Send

WE WISH THIS STORY GOT LOST!

An old science fiction story was built around
the concept that all of the world’s knowledge
was stored in digital form in a massive com-
puter memory. With ultrasophisticated micro-
miniaturization techniques, this data memory
was reduced in size from a cubic mile to the'
dimensions of a card-file drawer.

Now, with all the world’s knowledge thus
compactly stored, the problem of access
reared its ugly head. First an index file had to
be built to reference the data. Then cross-ref-
erence files to allow referencing the data in
numerous ways. Then cross-reference index
files, all in file drawer-size memory banks.
Soon the number of index file drawers far ex-
ceeded the original data. Then a boo-boo oc-
curred. With thousands of index file drawers,
each referencing each other, the original data
file was mis-labeled and somehow got lost!

Submitted by:

George A. Mayerchak
Minneapolis, Minn.

PLANNED OBSOLESCENCE

An IBM 7080 computer is still a part of our
installation. Recently a programmer sub-
mitted an assembly to be run on the 7080.
The assembly was terminated with an error
message indicating an invalid data control
card. After puzzling over this message for a
while, the programmer decided to check the
7080 Processor SRL. The manual stated the
following for the year portion of the date con-
trol card: “specifies the year as 62-70.” This
was verified by checking the source code for
the assembler. Would you believe no assem-
blies can be run which specify a date greater
than 12-31-70?

I’d call this “planned obsolescence” — and
now I’m wondering if there’s a comparable
date set for the 360.

Submitted by:

Jeffrey S. Dunn

Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co.
Milwaukee, Wis.

all submissions to:

WHBW DEPT.

MODERN DATA

3 Lockland Ave., Framingham, Mass. 01701

All entries become the property of MODERN DATA.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Concept
and design

Gilbert F. Curtis

An honors graduate of Princeton,
Gil Curtis is perhaps the indus-
try's most skilled designer of gen-
eralized business software sys-
tems. Certainly Curtis -designed
systems are operating very suc-
cessfully in literally hundreds of
major corporations throughout
the U. S.

From this experience evolved
the obvious need for a powerful
report generator. One that would
be easy to use, yet so powerful
and fast it could be used as a
report utility as well as for on-de-
mand reports. In other words . . .
CULPRIT.

Design and
implementation

Anna Marie was literally a co-de-
signer of CULPRIT and the major
implementor. A skilled program-
mer, Anna Marie was able to per-
form basic CULPRIT functions in
virtually I/O time, thus making
CULPRIT unbelievably fast.

Anna Marie was at one time a
member of the staff of Arthur D.
Little, Inc., engaged in product de-
velopment. Later, she spent a
number of years in software de-
sign and development. Mrs. Thron
holds a B.A. degree in chemistry
from Beaver College, Pa.

Anna Marie Thron

Interface with
data base language

James J. Baker

Jim Baker is an M.I.T. graduate
(math major and honor society
member) who has completed re-
quirements for his Phd at Harvard.

Prior to joining Cullinane Cor-
poration, Jim spent 5 years in ad-
vanced software system develop-
ment at I.B.M. Therefore, Jim was
the logical choice to develop the
IMS/data language 1 interface
module . . . which allowed CUL-
PRIT to enhance the report gen-
erator capability of DL 1.

Jim was also a major contributor
to the OS version of CULPRIT.

Documentation

An engineer with a B.S. in E.E.
from Michigan State, Ken spent
many years in electronics research
and software review and evalua-
tion before joining Cullinane Cor-
poration.

He authors a monthly column
on software for Modern Data
magazine and knows exactly what
the user looks for in terms of
really effective documentation.

So when Ken wrote the user’s
manual for CULPRIT he put him-
self entirely in the user’s position.
Example: he devoted a major
effort to a self-teaching section
for junior level personnel . . . but
at the same time included sub-
stantial material for the advanced
CULPRIT user.

Kenneth Falor

Meet the people behind the most important
software package of 1970: new CULPRIT .

Before many months are out the chances are
you’ll be using CULPRIT. Wherever it has
been shown it has generated intense interest.
The list of sales is growing quite rapidly. And
it is the type of package literally everyone
needs.

So we thought you’d like to meet a few of
the more important people behind it. There are
others. Perhaps a dozen Cullinane staff mem-
bers had some part in CULPRIT. But these are
the four who deserve the credit.

CULPRIT brought us a few surprises. Par-
ticularly in speed. While we designed it for
flexibility and ease in use CULPRIT turned out
to be much faster than our most optimistic
estimates. Otherwise it performs exactly as
planned.

And what we planned was an easy-to-use
report generator and information retrieval sys-
tem that would allow you to respond to on-
demand report requests regardless of report
complexity. One that was so efficient it could
be used as the report utility in production sys-
tems.

How CULPRIT differs

Many report generators can produce only
one report from one pass of the data file. Others
produce a Cobol program which must be com-

piled, link edited and run before they produce
a report. Some even have both problems.
That’s Model T designing!

CULPRIT is a parameter-driven program.
No compiling needed. The program is kept on
the core image library like a utility and pro-
duces a report as directed by the parameter
coding. Highly efficient, it produces many re-
ports (up to 99) with a single pass and can ex-
tract from multiple input files.

CULPRIT requires from 1/10 to 1/40 the
normal coding time. This means that the most
junior-level programmer can request and get
a simple one-time report in minutes. Or many
complex reports in one pass . . . with just a few
hours of coding. Not weeks. Hours! But fast
reports are not all that CULPRIT can do for
you.

New Systems

When you design a new system, how
much of it is made up of report editing pro-
grams? Half? A third? Then you can put your
new system on the air nearly one-third to one-
half sooner by simply plugging new CULPRIT
into the system to handle the reporting re-
quirements. You not only save programming
time, but the machine time usually needed for
debugging this part of the system.

Processing speeds are close to those for
well-designed and laboriously hand-coded pro-
grams. Remember . . . this isn’t an ordinary re-
port generator. You just load and go.

Features

CULPRIT has multi-line output for ad-
dress labels, notices, etc. Other options include
header variables: multiple-lines in headers, de-
tail and totals: separately specifiable total lines ;
calculation ability on both detail and total
levels: use of memonics for working fields; and
many others. Output may be printer, punched
cards, tape or disk . . . permitting program and
test file creation and conversion.

Find out for yourself!

Send for a complete 15 page techni-
cal report. Or. if you'd rather dis-
cuss CULPRIT directly with one of
the above people (or equally well-
qualified Cullinane staff members),
pick up your phone and dial (617)

742 - 8656 . You really ought to know
about CULPRIT. Don’t pass up the
chance!

Name

Title

Company

Address

City State Zip

Phone

j Cullinane Corporation

60 State St., Boston, Mass. 02109 Phone: (617) 742-8656. Other offices in New York, St. Louis, and London.

CIRCLE NO. 14 ON INQUIRY CARD 35

MODERN DATA/February 1971

UP THE SYSTEM DOWN TIME

SORTING THE PROS FROM THE CONS

FRITZ KfNDERHAUFEN • Lajitas Mgt. Assoc., Alpine, Texas

Many company recruitment officials pride them-
selves on the large number of applicants they in-
terview before the one applicant who is just right
for the job is selected. With such high standards
of selectivity, one would assume that their com-
panies would have tremendous productivity and
few people-problems, right? Wrong.

A casual glance at the budget projections and
the actual expenses of most EDP departments
would turn a maggot’s stomach. Even the most
pre-occupied executives are beginning to worry
that something is wrong with the personnel selec-
tion criteria. We do such a miserable job of getting
the right pegs into the right holes that perhaps
some re-thinking of the basic problem is in order.

ECONOMIC PURITY

The classic personnel procurement philosophy op-
erates on three basic principles : ( 1 ) Offer only
what it takes to hire people; (2) Pay only what it
takes to keep them; (3) Always deny that prin-
ciples #1 or #2 are significant considerations.
That’s fairness in the purest sense because the ap-
plicant will take as much as he can get and will
stay only as long as he can do no better.

Although these principles are empirically de-
rived, it’s sufficient to acknowledge that there are
not enough exceptions to require further proofs.
We must conclude that the economic factors com-
monly involved in personnel placement are reason-
able, systematic, and just. The difficulty of getting
the right people in the right jobs lies elsewhere.

PEOPLE-PROBLEM PROCUREMENT

We shall begin our analysis with two necessary
managerial assumptions: (1) That we know what
job we want done; (2) That we can generate
enough cash to pay for it. The extent to which
either of these assumptions is in doubt is attrib-
uted to normal managerial risk taking.

This brings us to the recruitment process of
Search, Appraisal, and Decision. (If I ever auto-
mated such a system, I’d call it SAD ) It’s sad that
most executives are behind the power curve and
that their companies are hiring people-problems
faster than solving their existing ones. The reason
for the dilemma is that most executives have dele-
gated responsibility for recruitment without retain-
ing any means for qualitative control.

It’s well recognized by the top management of
most companies that the success or failure of their
enterprise largely depends upon the people who
do the day-to-day work. This is why top manage-
ment wants decent help and spends a significant
portion of the company’s income to get it. The top
manager knows that he must get his job done
through people and he spends a large part of his
time working out people-problems. It’s sad that
he has all but lost control over the source point of
people-problem production. We don’t just have
people-problems, we recruit them!

QUALITY IS IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER

Your EDP Manager goes through a three-step ex-
ercise when he recruits talent: ( 1 ) He searches for
the most likely applicants; (2) He appraises their
qualifications; and (3) He then decides upon
whom he will hire. This is a time-honored process;
we do the same thing when we select a mate and
it’s obvious that selection criteria vary widely. In
any case, mistakes can be very expensive.

Let’s be affirmative about whom your manager
will put on your payroll. He will select people
with whom he can get along — people who speak
his language and who tend to view problems the
same way he does. Don’t look for a hard-driving,
pragmatic man to hire scholars or philosophers un-
less they’re really sharp and able to con him. If
he’s a technician, don’t expect him to hire general-
ists because they don’t dig the environment. If
he’s mainly oriented toward quick response and
short-term projects, don’t expect him to hire

MODERN DATA/February 1971

people who understand data base integration and
maintenance because they all seem to be too aca-
demic. There are frightening implications in such
a situation. If your EDP manager is primarily a
trombone player, you may wind up with seventy-
six trombones in your band. Worse yet, there is
even a possibility that the seventy-five he hires
won’t be any better than he is!

This brings us to another affirmative conclusion.
An EDP manager who acknowledges himself to be
primarily a technician really isn’t looking for a re-
placement so that he can be advanced into a
higher management role. Inwardly, he fears such a
situation. He will instead make sure that he does
not hire anyone who might threaten to replace
him and leave him with no other place to go. Be-
ware of the absence of upward momentum.

WHAT'S IT TO YA'?

Whether you’re working your way up through it,
or are on top of it and wondering why nothing
ever goes right, there are several aspects of the
recruitment game that you might productively
ponder.

Are the guys who approve the recruitment deci-
sions capable of judging talent? The right kind of
talent for the job at hand? The kind of people who
will be promotable to higher-level management
jobs?

If the responsible executive doesn’t know,
maybe he should find out. If you know the respon-
sible executive doesn’t know, maybe you should
move to a better-managed outfit.

In years to come we’ll find successful companies
more dependent upon computer technology and in
better control of that technology. Control will be
achieved through the classic methods of manage-
ment and that means working with people, not
equipment. When control is achieved, we will see
the professionals separated from the con men. The
sorting technique, like anything else that really
works, will be quite simple. Qualified technicians
will do the technical evaluation and a recognized
manager will evaluate the applicant’s managerial
qualifications. It will be amazing to see how many
technical problems evaporate under sound man-
agement techniques!

SO WHO'S LOOKING?

It s been suggested here that the people who
make the recruitment decisions for your EDP
group might not recognize a manager even if he
wore a neon sign. And if they did recognize him,
they might not be motivated to hire him. After all,
they would have so little in common. ... A

■ We’ll tell you why the

■ world needs another
! data

■ modem.

For years we've made the test equipment that
all the phone companies use to measure the
quality of transmission lines. So when it comes
to compatible equipment we really know what
we’re talking about. We'll be happy to tell you
what we know. Call
or write. We’ll talk.

Bowmar/ALI Inc.

(Formerly Acton Laboratories Inc.)

531 Main Street, Dept. MD-2
Acton, Massachusetts 01720. (617) 263-7756

□ I would like more information.

□ I would like to talk about your capabilities.

Name

Company

Add ress

I City_ _ _ State Zip

CIRCLE NO. 16 ON INQUIRY CARD

Make last bun splices on an
perforated tapes with
the ideal Tape Splicer...

A precision method of butt splicing, joining or
mending of perforated Communications, Numerical
Control and Data Processing tapes. . . it's economical
and easy to do with the IDEAL Tape Splicer

Ideal Splicing Patches

adhere to any surface oiled or unoiled
. . makes a perfect splice for unin-
terrupted transmission. Each
patch is fully punched and
pressure sensitive.

DONAULD Inc.

P 0. Box 104, Ridgewood, N.J. 07451
Tel.: 201-444-6573

Write for complete information and prices!

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 17 ON INQUIRY CARD

SOFTWARE FORUM

FREE-FORM vs. FORMS-ORI ENTED CODING

KEN FALOR, Dir. Mktg. Services • Cullinane Corp., Boston, Mass.

Software people started programming in zeros and
ones, then went to Assembly, then Cobol, and For-
tran. Now a higher-level means of communicating
with the computer is evolving, and recent devel-
opments in this area suggest it will have a signifi-
cant impact on programming in the future. It is
the parameter coding of the new generation of re-
port generators, file management systems, output
processors, and the like. (See modern data, Au-
gust, 1970, for a survey of over 100 such systems. )

While there is talk of standardization, most feel
it is too early for that, since some new devel-
opments are considerably more flexible and ca-
pable than those which came along only two or
three years ago. In other words, things are still
improving too fast.

The biggest problem to any standardization is
the question of forms-oriented coding vs. free-form
language-like coding. This can be an important

Mr. Fa/or is a regular contributor to Software Forum.

factor in the evaluation for purchase of such pack-
ages. Fig. 1 shows several examples of both types.

Although arguments for one or the other are
rarely decisive, a few points stand out. The Table
1 notes a few of these. A critical factor seems to be
the degree of familiarity with free-form by those
who will be the principal users of the system.

There is no clear tendency in the field to go in
either direction. Major systems coming from inde-
pendent software companies tend to be forms-ori-
ented, while IBM seems to favor free-form (as in
its JCL).

Our feeling is that free-form coding is best if a
person is assigned to a system and uses it enough
to develop maximum proficiency. Forms-oriented
coding, on the other hand, is better suited to the
occasional user. Perhaps this is best illustrated by
the well-known problems associated with OS JCL,
a powerful free-form language, but one which is
extremely difficult for some of the complex opera-
tions specified by the average programmer.

We would be interested in your comments. ▲

Free-Form

Forms-Oriented

• Fewer mistakes in coding since forms

• Easily “collapsed” to simple format for simple

are a memory-jogger.

requests and use by laymen such as clerks.

• More easily learned and used by most

• Quite flexible when used by programmers pro-

programmers and professional laymen

ficient in free-form coding such as ]CL (especial-
ly for OS).

who must perform complex operations.

• Forms often completely self-explanatory.

• More quickly learned.

• More reliance on memory.

• Less “collapsible” for simple use.

• More likelihood of mistakes in code.

• Forms must always be at hand.

• More frequent reference to manuals necessary

• Forms can sometimes seem complex

for unfamiliar requests.

and discourage beginner.

• More difficult to achieve proficiency.

• Forms can proliferate for complex tasks.

Table 1 — Free-Form vs. Forms-Oriented Coding

MODERN DATA/February 1971

RAPS

REPORT REP1 ,PERPLE

SELECT SALARY. GE. (8000) , YEARS. LT. (4)

SORT GRADE, EMPNO

COMP CALC01=YTDERN/( MONTH-1)

LIST EMPNO, NAME, GRADE, SAL ARY,

YTDERN ,CALC01

EXTRA CTO

MATH (12 ,42)=((A* , 100' ) + (B*'100' ) + C ) / ' 3 *
DETAIL=SUPRESS , LINE-SPACING= DOUBLE
SUB-TOTAL=n ,NEW-PAGE=m,LINES-PER-PAGE=nnn .

MAIN- GEN

A SCORPIO DEMO CWM.
REC00000256O256T

P3DEM0EDT DEMOMNT

FLD001 FILES -CONTROL 5 4

FL D0 0 2 N AME - DES r 'RI PT

r LD00 3CUR-YR-PERI0D

RPG

- in -a=- iTViTTi

l Jf»

Filename

Skip

Output

Indicators

Field

Name

J? J3 34 33 36 37

End

Petition
in Ovtpuf
Uund

40 41 4? 43

Constant or Edit Word

S Sign 9
Position

77 73 74

;

7' 77

And And

71 U 71

1 ? ^

79 JO 31

o t i

pUTPUT

1 P

O J 0

j (£>

0 1 4

4-3

rPRINTING MAILING LABELS'

0 4 4

D 1

<bl

0 3 4
0 6 4

number

1 1

•

'LABELS HAVE BEEM PRINTED'

0 / 4

4 1

‘ FOR 1

CULPRIT

O -I

OUTPUT TYPE

TOTAL DFTAIL

CONTROL RREAK

6 -std printer forms

5 disk. ?31 1

both

b no break

1 — non std forms

G - disk. 2314

totals only

0 double spact aftet

2 - std labelled tape

7 - disk I/S. 2311

D -

details only

— triple space alter

3 unlabelled tape

3 disk I/S. 2314

1 skip to new page

j) sc

4 punched cards

9 module

o u

X 0

0 ->

RECORD

MAJOR £

£ USER MODULE

SIZE X

SORT no SORT

SORT oo sonx

SORT a SORT

“o OR FORMS ID

n i itp* it

’ 4

F~ZT

p-i

t:: :

VJU 1 ru 1

CONTROL

L.L

r r t

i. j.L

CUST

tinJ

LI I.J 1

TITLE

[jLIaH

/Hjy^j/Js

iffi 1 1

■ 1

.LIT

□

i ll j

! 1

I/O

i ti !

OPTION NO. 2 -WRITE IN NAMES OF DATA FIELDS

Fig. 1 — Examples of coding for
various report generators and
file management systems.

MODERN DATA February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE

PRINTERS- Part I:

Medium- & High-Speed Printers

MALCOLM L. STfEFEL, President • M. L. Stiefel Co.

INTRODUCTION

This Profile series places the spotlight on printers
for the first time since 1968. 1 Long past their
barely legible, wavy-lined infancy, but far from
reaching their dotage, printers are changing dra-
matically— they're getting faster, cheaper, and
quieter; they’re being used in new varieties of sys-
tem configurations; and the outputs are starting to
provide quality copies.

Part I of this series will deal with medium- and
high-speed line printers (or page printers). A line
printer is arbitrarily defined to be one without
keyboard that is driven by an external digital
source (computer, communications line, magnetic
tape, etc.) to print rows (lines) of alphanumeric
data on paper, at no less than 80 columns per line
and at a maximum speed of not less than 100 lines
per minute. This maximum rate excludes anything
that trudges along at less than 120 characters per
second and omits virtually all of the one-character-
at-a-time printers, which will be treated in Part II
of this series next month. Interactive printers with
keyboards, called telewriters or teleprinters, will
be treated in another Technology Profile.

TYPES OF PRINTERS

Quickly now, without peeking, picture a high-
speed line printer in your mind. It looks like the
one in Fig. 1, right? 1200 lines a minute; pin-fed,
fan-folded paper with green and white horizontal
stripes and little holes running up and down the
sides. Well, that’s called an impact printer, and it
prints much like a conventional typewriter. An im-

’J. H. Levine, “High-Speed Line Printers” modern data;
May, 1968

pression is transferred from a type slug on a drum,
chain, or wheel to the paper. Ink is provided by a
ribbon or a roller, or is incorporated in the paper
itself. Multiple copies may be obtained since the
character impact — as in a typewriter — can be
transmitted through the first or original copy to
other sheets in a multi-part form. Another class of
impact printers uses a solenoid-driven matrix of
points to form a dot matrix character on the paper;
they also have multi-copy capabilities.

Then there are the non-impact varieties of print-
ers. These include the shpritzer types — printers
that spray controlled jets of ink onto the page to
form the characters. There are also the elec-
trostatic or electrographic non-impact types —
printers that use electrodes or other image matrix
mechanisms to construct characters on sensitized
paper. Another type of non-impact printer utilizes
electro-optics to flash an optical image on photo-
graphic paper or film to form the character. All of
these types are silent — as opposed to the clatter-
ing impact varieties — but they can only provide
one copy per print run.

OPTIONS UNLIMITED

Today users are almost overwhelmed by printer
options. Speeds can vary from 100 to 5000 lines
per minute. Some units have a 50 character font;
others carry up to 432 symbols at a time. Some
may print at fixed densities of 10 characters per
inch horizontally, while others vary horizontal
density. Most print at operator-selectable vertical
line densities of 6 or 8 lines to the inch, with ver-
tical formatting either done with software and a
carriage control tape, or by software alone.

In one common approach, vertical positioning
commands on the input line are limited to “Skip
One Line” and “Skip To Top Of Next Page.” An-
other option offers “Skip n Lines” and “Skip To

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Next Vertical Tab Stop.” The option selected can
make a considerable difference in printing time for
many types of forms; a “Skip To Top Of Next
Page” or “Next Tab Stop” is generally accom-
plished much faster than a “Skip One Line” or “Skip
n Lines” at a time. In one specific case there isn’t
any vertical control. The printer just runs at a con-
stant speed. The user is responsible for feeding it
data; otherwise it degenerates into a large-volume
paper towel dispenser.

There are more choices of symbol fonts than
you can shake a stick at. Some printers require
major surgery to change a font; some can’t be
changed at all; on others, it’s a matter of plugging
in a cartridge. In the case of the phototypesetting
models, several fonts are available on-line. More-
over, some may be printer /plotters, offering both
graphic capability and line printing.

The choices go on and on: 80 to 160 columns of
print; page sizes up to 2 feet wide and 2 feet long;
fan-folded paper or paper in rolls, perforated or
non-perforated; specially treated paper — heat
sensitive, light sensitive, pressure sensitive; carbon
copies and carbonless copies; and some printers
with no duplicate copies at all.

A user with a large computer and a high print-
out volume could turn to the satellite con-
figuration concept. A print image is recorded on
magnetic tape or disk packs on-line, at fairly high
speeds. Then the tape or disk pack is physically
removed and placed on another device in a sepa-
rate, cheaper, completely compatible off-line print-
ing system. This technique, termed off-line print-
ing or satellite printing is likely to spread in the
future. It will mature into a complete class of sys-
tems which involve all kinds of computer per-
ipherals connected together to transfer and trans-
form information without substantially altering its
sequence and content. By strictly limiting process-
ing to parity checking and some elementary logi-
cal operations, programming is minimized or
avoided entirely, equipment is made simple and
reliable, and a few bucks can be saved in overall
system operation.

PICKING A PRINTER

This bewildering array of options becomes more
manageable to a user who is trying to pick a
printer for his own needs. For instance, if the
printer is to be used in a medium-scale data proc-
essing operation, the user is likely to turn to the
mainframe manufacturer or to someone else who
offers a direct replacement for the manufacturer’s
printer. For this situation the analysis has been
done beforehand; the user is sure to wind up with
a printer that is well matched in price, speed, and
flexibility to the remainder of his data processing
system.

For other users, the picture is quite different.
The appearance, legibility, and print density be-
come important if the output is to be published
and widely disseminated. This leads to an exam-
ination of phototypesetting machines, or to a
printer that uses an attractive type font with up-
per and lower case letters.

Virtually any printer maker can supply custom-
tailored fonts for customers, at an extra cost. The
limitation is in the number of characters in the
symbol set, and in the effect of a given font on
speed — since printer speed varies inversely ( in a
non-linear manner) with the size of the font used.
Printer speed is also affected ( in impact printers )
by the relationship between the layout of the sym-
bols around the drum or chain and the frequency
of occurrence of each character in the set of sym-

MR. STIEFEL is an independent consultant
based in Chelmsford, Mass. Since 1969, he has
been engaged in the design, evaluation, and
implementation of municipal information and
inventory control systems, and has several free-
lance articles dealing with computer applica-
tions to his credit. His background includes
over 10 years in analysis, design, testing, and
evaluation of hospital information systems and military command and
control systems. He received his B.S.E.E. from the Polytechnic Institute of
Brooklyn in 1959 and has completed graduate work at M.l.T.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS

Coat'd

Fig. 1 — The Univac 0758-00, a high-speed line printer capable
ol 1200 LPM with a 63-character drum.

Fig. 2 — The Vogue Instrument, Shepard Division's Model 880E
medium-speed line printer capable of 400 LPM using a drum
of 64 characters.

Fig. 3 — The MP Series off-line magnetic-tape-to-print system
of Per Data, featuring a 600 LPM printer and a 7/9 track tape
drive.

Fig. 4 — The Gould 4800 high-speed electrostatic printer/plotter
used in on- and off-line printing systems.

Fig. 5 — The Centronics 101 impact matrix medium-speed
printer, capable of up to 150 LPM rates.

Fig. 6 — Odec Computer System Model 801, a 150 LPM, 80-
column chain printer with RS 232 interface.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

LINE PRINTER.

$ 2400 .

The Centronics Model 101.

It’s economical because of the matrix printing and simple design.

It’s practical because of the multiple copies, easy interface and communications options.
Just look at the Model 101 as something that acts like a line printer and costs like a teleprinter.
Centronics Data Computer Corp., Hudson, N.H. 03051

centronics

Because you don’t want to spend more than you have to.

CIRCLE NO. 18 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS - PART 1

Cant'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 1PM)

COMPANY

Bright Industries

Centronics Data Computer

Custom Computer Systems

Daconics

MODEL

Bl 1215

101

120

2909

PRINTING MECHANISM

Bar

Impact Matrix 1

Chain

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

64/96/128
Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

45/64/96

Upper & Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/ Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

20/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

330/500/660

165

—

Lines Inch

150/230/300

60/150

120

125/200/300

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• Communications Interface

• 202 Dataset

• DEC PDP-8/-9

• HP-2114/15/16

• HON DDP 116, 316,516

MAINTENANCE

Std-Serv Co
Local Basis

Std-Mfr

Opt-Serv Co
Local Basis

Opt

$95/ mo

PRICE

lease

—

$400/ mo

Purchase

$9,000

$2,400

$11,500

$11,900

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

—

1 5x7 Dot Matrix

—

NOTE: Relationships of Print Rate to Character Set in tables are denoted by slashes "/"• A character set of 64/96/128 with a print rate of 150/230/300
LPM reads: 300 LPM @ 64 characters; 230 LPM @ 96 characters; and 150 LPM @ 128 characters.

bols. That is, if a printer is typing one fixed letter
in each column all the time, a certain speed will be
attained; if the symbol in each column is selected
somewhat at random, the speed will be lower.
Therefore, in reading the specifications, the user
must ask, “Under what conditions is this speed ob-
tained?” A printer rated at 1200 lines a minute
maximum?” say, might only run at 600 lines under
the circumstances that are of interest to a user.

The user with a publishing problem must also
take printer speed into account as a separate fac-
tor, since print quality is usually lower at higher
speeds. Moreover, some of the dot matrix printers
may not produce sufficiently legible output for all
occasions. A given print output may be perfectly
legible if it is viewed directly, but may be unac-
ceptable if it is reduced by an offset technique for
reproduction.

The user with a limited budget who almost
never needs more than one copy of his printouts,
but still needs a high throughput, will want to give
the dot matrix printers serious consideration. By
the same token, a user like a hospital will only
want to consider the silent variety of printers in

their patient care areas; a school or college may
only want to consider silent printers that might be
in or near classrooms. A user with a fair volume of
graphical output may want to consider a slightly
more expensive printer /plottei instead of a pure
printer.

Users will always want to fit their printers into
the existing environment, unless the whole oper-
ation is being changed. Therefore, the choice is
among printers which can be interfaced with a
previously installed computer.

The user who is choosing a complete computer
system will see what the manufacturers offer as
original equipment before going out to shop for
bargain-priced peripherals separately. There
might be an advantage to be gained from having
one service organization to deal with, since this
situation automatically establishes responsibility
for all repairs and simplifies communication be-
tween the user and the service organization. The
issue of multiple service groups must be faced
when a user orders from more than one source.

CONTINUED ON PAGE 51

MODERN DATA/February 1971

But turn her on, and all hell doesn’t break
loose.

This printer is so silent you could hear
a db drop. That’s because Matrix printers
and plotters have no moving parts, except
for the paper transport.

Using an advanced electrostatic writing
technique, the result is silent operation and
increased reliability over slow, noisy,
troublesome impact printers.

Plus, you retain your hearing and your
sanity!

She’s
a real
sleeper

Matrix printer/plotters do more than make
your working environment more pleasant.
Matrix combines printer and raster scan
plotter features to produce the highest
quality alphanumerics and graphics output
in the industry ... at the lowest cost.

For instance, you can buy a 600 Ipm
printer with 80 characters per line,

64 character set ROM, and a one line
buffer for $6100.

The name is Matrix printer/plotters.

The company is Versatec . . .
leading the silent generation.

10100 Bubb Road,
Cupertino, California 95014
(408) 257-9900,

TWX 910-338-0243.

S VERSATEC

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 19 ON INQUIRY CARD

ROBERT D. RUBINATE, Dir. Sales • Vogue Instrument Corp., Shepard Div., New York, N.Y.

LINE PRINTERS-A RAPIDLY CROWING MARKET

One of the fastest growing
markets in the EDP indus-
try, the line printer market,
is on the verge of an
enormous expansion. Con-
tributing to this growth are
the technological advances
made by printer manufac-
turers, old and new, and
the burgeoning min-
icomputer and data ter-
minal industries.

HISTORY

High-speed line printer de-
velopment began over 20
years ago, and centered
around sophisticated printer
systems provided for the
military, government, and
university communities.
Early high-speed printers
were designed and built for
the Aberdeen Proving
Grounds in 1950, and have
subsequently appeared in
military programs such as
the Mobile Digital Com-
puter (Mobidic), and the
Polaris Fleet, White Sands
Missile Range, and Minute-
man projects. These appli-
cations still constitute a
large segment of the overall
printer market, but they
have been rapidly overtaken
by the commercial uses for
printers that has been stimu-
lated by new pricing of un-
der $10,000.

MINICOMPUTER MARKETS

The minicomputer industry
is the fastest growing seg-
ment of the computer
world. Its success comes

from low cost and size
which has enabled the pen-
etration of markets that
larger computers could not
touch. The U. S. Computer
Census of June 30, 1970 es-
timates the cumulative in-
stallations of small-size
computers at 42,551, with
the computers being built
by over 20 different com-
panies. Other industry re-
ports show more than 15,-
000 minicomputers in the
field today, with an addi-
tional 25,000 in use by the
end of 1972.

Now why all this atten-
tion to the minicomputer
industry? In most cases, the
present output device em-
ployed with minicomputers
is the teletypewriter. The
teletypewriter, a work
horse for so many years, op-
erates at a speed of 10 cps.
The minicomputer user has
begun to recognize that his
computer system is tied up
waiting for information to
come over such devices,
and is looking for alternate
means of printed output.
There are low-cost line
printers on the market to-
day that are TTL com-
patible, and can operate at
speeds 50 times that of the
teletypewriter. The savings
in computer and manpower
time offsets the difference
in price over a very short
time period.

DATA TERMINAL MARKETS

The data terminal market is
growing rapidly; the 180,-

000 plus terminals in use
this year will probably
triple by the end of 1975.
The value of existing ter-
minals, about 1.7 billion
dollars, will rise to above
5.9 billion dollars within
the same period, and fore-
casts on shipments show in-
creases from the current
500 million dollars to about
one billion in 1975.

A recent study for Dat-
ran, Inc., conducted by
Booz, Allen and Hamilton,
indicates that the data com-
munications growth rate
will be startling during the
first half of the 70s. The
study predicts an annual
growth rate for all data ter-
minals of 45% in the next
five years, bringing the
number of terminals in use
to 800,000 in 1975 and 2.5
million terminals by 1980.

Very few of the 73,000
large and small computer
installations, reported by
the U. S. Computer Census,
have data transmission ca-
pabilities. However, half of
the computers manufac-
tured today place a greater
emphasis on this capability
because the computer, even
with the present limitation
of a 2,400 baud rate over
voice grade telephone lines,
can send and receive 100
invoices in less than one
minute. The use of a line
printer, instead of the
slower character printer,
permits a significant
throughput advantage.
Line printer technology is
effectively coasting at

MODERN DAT A/February 1971

transmission rates of 2,400
to 4,800 bps; impact char-
acter printing technology
cannot presently exceed
300 bps without severe
maintenance constraints,
and non-impact character
printers do not operate re-
liably above 1200 bps, nor
will they produce multiple
copies.

Businesses, such as the
securities industry, recog-
nize the need for high-
speed data transmission,
having encountered paper
work log jams that demand
automation. Even during a
small volume day, peak
backlogs will develop dur-
ing the market open and
close. A special high-speed
printer has been developed
for the American Stock Ex-
change which can replace
more than ten ASR 28’s,
and assures the broker and
his clients swift reports on
market prices.

Another data trans-
mission area involves the
embryonic postal trans-
mission system which com-
panies like Western Union
are researching. The con-
cept employs high-speed
communication printers
which will buoy our archaic
postal system by speeding
letters to their locations
over a closed data commu-
nications network. The nec-
essity for this type of auto-
mation will become
apparent to medium and
large organizations as labor
and operating costs con-
tinue to spiral upward in

the years ahead.

The communications
printer also solicits interest
from national warehousing
organizations, airlines reser-
vations systems, financial
institutions, retail credit bu-
reaus, and news media like
UPI and AP.

The demand for data
transmission facilities will
be great enough by 1980 to
support outside com-
petition and to justify a
separate network dedicated
to data transmission. The
new Bell System 203
modem allows speeds of
3600 bps and 4800 bps; this
translates to print rates of
approximately 350 1pm and
450 1pm respectively. The
purchaser of a printer must
consider these facts if he is
to compete effectively in
the overall data market. As
the processing power of the
computer increases, de-
mand will also increase for
more effective transmission
of data. Computer systems
are going to be more widely
dispursed due to the advent
of the minicomputer, with a
network of transmission
line connections between
remotely-located terminals
and the central computer.
The cost of long distance
data transmission will be
considerably reduced as a
result of sending data via
high-speed lines.

EXPORT MARKETS

The export market for
printers will also be active

over the next three years,
particularly in England,
Germany, and Japan. An
increase of 175% in the sale
of minicomputers to the
Japanese recently resulted
in Japanese companies
scrambling to represent
American printer firms in
their home markets. The
per capita growth in Eu-
rope and Japan for mini-
computers will be dramatic
in the coming months. Mar-
keting efforts by the mini-
computer manufacturer in
these foreign markets have
created significant sales for
printers and other per-
ipherals.

MANUFACTURER

CAPABILITIES

In the printer industry, like
most other industries, the
most critical ingredient in
the corporate capability is
its marketing strength. A
rising market may be ex-
pected to create com-
petition — as evidenced by
the offerings today of more
than 30 printer manufac-
turers. While product in-
novation in today’s printer
market is rapid, changes
may only result in some
marginal improvement in
performance, and usually
are more a matter of tech-
nology allowing lower man-
ufacturing costs. Several of
the newer manufacturers
have already run into diffi-
culties in the building of a
low cost, reliable printer, a

MODERN DATA/February 1971

OUR IMRACT!

Desk-top line printers for
mini-computers, remote terminals,
off line printing stations,
office business systems.

• Fast • Exceptional price/perform-
ance • Virtually maintenance free •
Unique character belt employed . . .
. . characters easily snap on or off •

Direct character belt drwe

no gears • Stepping motor paper
drive ... no clutches or brakes • Fully
buffered ... all electronics included

• Interfaces available for popular
minicomputers

For further information on the
ODEC 800 Series (80 column)
or the

ODEC 1300 Series (132 column)

823 Waterman Avenue
East Providence, R. I. 02914
telephone (401) 438-0220

ODEC COMPUTER
SYSTEMS, INC.

a subsidiary of Ocean Data Equipment Corp.

task that at first seemed
simpler to achieve than was
finally possible.

Keeping the above in
mind, a printer manufac-
turer’s marketing capability
( and the buyers evaluation
of that capability) may be
measured by the following:

■ Availability of produc-
tion versions of a well-built,
reliable, easy to maintain
printer — You must expect
some failure from your
printer, and the simpler its
design, the more rapidly it
can be put back on line.
High reliability ultimately
reduces the need for ex-
cessive field support.

■ A complete under-
standing of the applications
and objectives of the poten-
tial customers — Many cus-
tomers don’t have the fore-
sight to predict their
ultimate needs accurately.
Factors to be considered
are multi-copy output,
print-rates, sound levels,
forms, and the price/per-
formance ratio.

■ A solid sales organiza-
tion — The sales staff must
be adaptable to the
changes in the industry,
and be able to counsel and
guide its customers in the
purchase decisions. Today’s
printer salesman is oriented
either toward OEM sales or
end-user sales. He must un-
derstand both.

■ A strong technical sup-
port group — A “total re-
sponse” to a customer’s ap-
plication involves inte-
grated packages of hard-
ware and software, and the
capability to make them
plug-to-plug compatible.

■ A solid service organiza-
tion — Post-sales service to
customers on a broad geo-
graphic base is essential if a
company is to sell on a na-
tional basis. Many printer
manufacturers employ their
own service divisions;
where national service or-
ganizations supplement
those of the manufacturer,
be certain that such servic-
ing firms fully understand
the printer and the inter-
face.

SUMMARY

These basic elements of
marketing will be critical to
the success of the printer
manufacturer. For the next
few years at least, most of
the companies in the busi-
ness will continue to func-
tion because the expanding
market will allow even mar-
ginal producers to survive.
The trend toward lower
prices will test the market-
ing and manufacturing effi-
ciencies of the industry,
and the success of the
printer manufacturer will
be characterized by his
ability to handle both. ▲

COMING IN MODERN DATA . . .

PRINTERS— Part II— MiniPrinters; StripPrinters— March, 1971
DISK/DRUM MEMORIES— Part Ill-March 1971
TELEPRINTERS-May 1971

MODERN DATA NOW OFFERS A QUARTERLY TECHFILE

. . . See our ad on Page 53

MODERN DATA/February 1971

48 CIRCLE NO. 20 ON INQUIRY CARD

80,001

Small thing with an automated
graphics system? Maybe. But when
your computer drops a bit of
information? Or when your system
encounters mechanical drag or
interference?

Small thing? Not when you’re
halfway through a complex drawing
that takes hours to do and your
drafting department doesn’t have
enough time as it is.

With DATAPLOTTER® systems you
don’t have to worry. Back up the
tape control unit to the trouble spot
on the drawing, drop the pen and
go again . . . it’s all very casual,
fast and accurate.

Small thing? Try it on other
automatic plotting machines.
Chances are you’ll have to throw
away the drawing and start over.

Most other plotters are incremental
(and incidentally pretty noisy). It
means that the last plotting
reference was the pen’s last position
on the table. Disturb it and you’ve
lost the reference. DATAPLOTTER
systems operate from absolute
reference all the time (and quietly).
The drawing assembly backs up and
repeats unerringly (±0.003" yet).

A small point? Maybe not.

There are other big points you ought
to know about DATAPLOTTER
systems. Like six modes of plotting
that give you built-in versatility.

Like straight lines and smooth
curves at any angle with no

_____

120-

■ 9° 7 DIA

ifir

. 832 DU -

“sawtooth effect”. Like resolution
of .001 inch. Like 16" per second
curve speeds. Like a six-foot
plotting surface of the 430/200
DATAPLOTTER system. Like many
packages of applications software
. . . symbol drawing, three
dimensional drawing, contour
drawing, schematic drawing, sub-
division plotting, and numerical
control.

Enough.

There is more to tell about the
DATAPLOTTER system than we
have room for here. Further
descriptive material? — yours for
the asking. Just write or call
Electronic Associates, Inc., West
Long Branch, New Jersey 07764.
Phone: 201-229-1100 ask for Tony
Glinskas; In United Kingdom:
Victoria Road, Burgess Hill, Sussex,
England; In Europe: 116-120 rue
des Palais, Brussels, Belgium; In
Canada: 6427 Northern Drive,
Malton, Ontario.

ask about DATAPLOTTER Systems

and some folks still think

we just make analog computers.

EAL

graphic systems

CIRCLE NO. 22 ON INQUIRY CARD

These characters illustrate only a few of
the elegant, distinctive type faces you can
select on the Bright Industries’ BI 1215
Bar Printer. Bodoni, Century, Cooper, Futura,
Franklin — each imparts its own flavor to a
faultless printout.

These characters
print crisply,
cleanly at 300 lines \
per minute, with a
precision no other
line printer can
approach. The BI 1215
accommodates fonts of
64,96 or 128 charac-
ters, up to one-
quarter inch
high; fonts can
be changed
in the field
in minutes.

These characters permit you, through your
selection of typeface, to express the lifestyle
of your company in every communication,
in a way never before possible. With the
Bright Industries BI 1215 Bar Printer,
computer printout comes of age.

These characters
print with such an
exact vertical and
horizontal alignment
that the BI 1215 can
go back to overprint,
underline or add
phonetic symbols.
Only an oscillating
bar printer with an
individual hammer
for each column can
achieve a printout
so exceptional you’d
be proud to sign your
name to it.

These characters were brought to
you by the Bright BI 1215 Bar
Printer, shown on the right. There’s
nothing else like it in the world.
Please write for full information.

Bright Industries Inc.
One Maritime Plaza, San Francisco *94111
Telephone: (415) 391-9794

CIRCLE NO. 21 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS - PART 1

Cont'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 1PM)

COMPANY

Data Computing

Data Printer

MODEL

1 & IA

II & IIA

III & IV

F-80-C

F-132-C

PRINTING MECHANISM

Impact Matrix 1

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

Upper Case

Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/ Inch

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/ std/max)

132

80(1 II)/ 132(1 VI

132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

Lines/Min.

100

600

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• RS232(I)

• RS232(II)

• RS232

• DEC PDP-8

• DEC PDP 8

MAINTENANCE

Std-Mfr
35 Offices

Opt-Serv Co

PRICE

Lease

$245/ mo(l)

$285/ mo(ll)

$270/ mod II)
$315/ mo(IV)

—

Purchase

$8,250(1)

$7,425(IA)

$9/600(11)
$8,640(11 A)

$ 8,925(111)
$1 0,600(1 V)

$7,665(OEM)

$8,690(OEM)

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS 1 7x8 Dot Matrix

1 7x8 Dot Matrix

—

NOTE: Relationships of Print Rate to Character Set in tables are denoted by slashes "/". A character set of 64/96/128 with a print rate of 150/230/300
LPM reads: 300 LPM @ 64 characters; 230 LPM @ 96 characters; and 150 LPM @ 128 characters.

SERVICE BUREAU OPTIONS

The user with an occasional non-standard printing
problem might find it hard to uncover a service
bureau to suit his needs. General-purpose batch
houses will usually employ the computer manufac-
turer’s standard impact printer. Industry-specific
service bureaus, especially those in some aspect of
the publishing business (subscription fulfillment,
book composition, direct mail, etc. ) are more
likely to carry the more specialized printers. Be-
yond that, a user in a given industry may know of
other companies in the same industry who have
the proper equipment.

MAINTENANCE & ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT

Maintenance of printers must be studied carefully.
For one thing, high-speed printers have an in-
satiable appetite for paper. Sometimes, if the pa-
per is specially treated, it may be expensive to buy
and may only be available from the manufacturer.

Electrostatic printers must periodically drink cer-
tain chemicals, like toner or developer, in order to
keep their vigor and vitality. Again, the user may
not find many suppliers for these materials.

Treated paper usually requires special storage
before it’s used. It may be kept in an oven or in a
refrigerator; in the light, in the dark, or in the
shade; in a dry, damp, or wet room — all depend-
ing on the nature of the beast. Then it must be
handled carefully to avoid smudging.

A burster may be needed if the printer uses fan-
folded paper, although printouts are being bound
and used unburst more frequently. If the paper
comes in a roll, take-up reel is needed, along with a
guillotine for cutting the paper to size; however,
most roll-input printers have built-in guillotines.

With few exceptions, high-speed printers re-
quire some sort of periodic maintenance. In im-
pact printers adjustments must be made, typically
every 200 hours of operation, to make sure the
Printline remains straight. Ribbons must be re-
placed, or rollers must be inked. Sometimes field

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS - PART 7

Cant'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 l PM)

COMPANY

A.B. Dick

Digital Equipment

Eclectic

MODEL

9600

LP08

LP1 1

740

PRINTING MECHANISM

Ink Jet 1

Drum

Ink Jet

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

Upper & Lower Case

64/96
Upper Case

64/96

Upper 4 Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

5 to 15

Lines/Inch

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

80/132

132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

250

—

250

Lines/Min.

160

356

NO. FORMS
(copies)

—

OPERATION

• IBM 360

• DECPDP-8

• HP 2114/15/16

• Data Gen Nova

• HON DP 516

• Varian 620 i

• 201/202 Dataset

• DEC PDP-8

• DEC PDP-11

• DEC PDP-8, -11 & -12

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
$65/ mo

Opt Mfr
$75/ mo
2 Offices

PRICE

Lease

—

$375/mo

Purchase

$6,250 2

$7,500

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

1 9 x 1 1 Dot Matrix

2 Plus Interface

NOTE: Relationships of Print Rate to Character Set in tables are denoted by slashes A character set of 64/96/128 with a print rate of 150/230/300
LPM reads: 300 LPM @ 64 characters; 230 LPM @ 96 characters; and 150 LPM @ 128 characters.

service personnel are needed to make the adjust-
ments. All of this costs the user some downtime,
and some money, but it’s inescapable. About all a
user can do to minimize maintenance problems is
to check on the performance record of the printer
and its service company. The printers with fewer
moving parts can be expected to poop-out less of-
ten than the more complex types, buf the state-of-
the-art has advanced far enough so that printers
are fairly reliable instruments across the board.
The user’s success in keeping unscheduled main-
tenance to a minimum will depend, again, on the
skill of the service organization.

THE TABLES

The Tables are organized to give the potential user
a starting point for selecting a printer. They fur-
nish an overview of some of the significant eval-
uation parameters for medium-speed and high-

speed line printers, and for off-line/satellite
printing systems.

Table 1 lists printers having speeds of from 100
to less than 1000 lines per minute, designated as
Medium-Speed Printers.

Table 2 lists High-Speed Printers, printers hav-
ing speeds in excess of 1000 lines per minute.

Off-Line or Satellite Printing Systems are listed
in Table 3; printers may be of the medium- or
high-speed varieties.

Pricing information for each printer should be
interpreted with care. Some manufacturers may
cite only the printer price — not including the
print controller or interface; others may cite the
OEM quantity price — purchases involving from
5 to 500 printers.

Additional information on the printers listed in
Tables 1, 2, and 3 may be obtained from the man-
ufacturers by consulting Tables 4, 5, and 6 and
keying the appropriate number on the Reader Ser-
vice Card.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Announcing: MODERN DATA's TechFile Updates

NOW KEEPING UP WON'T
TAKE SO MUCH KEEPING UP

Which subjects or products in the list below concern you most? Would you like to be kept up-to-date
on the new products, new services, new developments every three months?

STEP ONE IS TO * CHECKMARK YOUR CHOICES:

INQUIRY INQUIRY

CARD NO. CARD NO.

.(422) Interactive CRT Display Terminals

.(423) Cassette-Cartridge Tape Transports

.(424) Computer Output Microfilm

(425) Acoustic Couplers

.(426) Optical Character/Mark Readers

.(427) Disk/Drum Memories

.(428) Teleprinters

.(429) Computer Printers

.(430) Modems/Multiplexers

.(431) Minicomputers

(432) Magnetic Tape Transports

(433) Digital Plotters & Drafting Machines

(434) Graphic Digitizers

(435) Key-to-Tape/Disk Systems

(436) Time-Sharing Services — S. Atlantic & S. Central States
.(437) Time-Sharing Services — N. Central States & Central Canada

(438) Time-Sharing Services — Mountain States,

West Coast & W. Canada

(439) Time-Sharing Services — Northeast States

YOUR

MODERN DATA TechFile

NEW P£/flOPA/£/YTS -

• new products added
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• NEW SERVICES
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THE INDUSTRY DATA
ORGANIZED FOR
REFERENCE

modern data’s Technology Profiles are probably no stranger to you. In accordance with modern data’s
policy, they’re written by computer people for computer people. Now the TechFile updates will let you stay
abreast of the changes in the subjects or products that concern you most. Publication for a number of the titles is
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and you can save up to 44% .

STEP TWO IS TO CIRCLE THE NUMBERS ON THE READER INQUIRY
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By return mail you will receive complete details, including contents, publication dates, prices, and how you can
save up to 44% by ordering before publication.

CIRCLE THE NUMBERS AND RETURN THE CARD TODAY

Modern Data Services, Inc., 3 Lockland Avenue, Framingham, Mass. 01701

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS Co nt'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 1PM)

COMPANY

Honeywell

MODEL

112 & 222-7 1

122-3 & 222-3 1

1 22-4 & 222-4 1

1-543

PRINTING MECHANISM

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/ max)

56/63
Upper Case

51/63
Upper Case

46/63
Upper Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/ max)

120/132

128/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

Lines/Min.

262/300

550/650

750/950

200

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• HON Series 200-Models:
110, 115, 120 & 125 (112);
Models: 115, 200, 1200,
1250, 2200, 3200, 4200 &
8200 (222-7)

• HON Series 200-Models:
115, 120 & 125 (122-3);
Models: 115, 120, 125, 200,
1200, 1250, 2200, 3200,
4200 & 8200 (222-3)

• HON Series 200-Models:

1 10, 1 15, 120 & 125 (122-4);
Models: 115, 120, 125, 200
1 200, 1 250, 2200, 3200,
4200 & 8200 (222-4)

MAINTENANCE

Std-Mfr
80 Offices

Opt-Mfr
80 Offices

PRICE

Lease

$424/ mo (112)
$560/ mo (222-7)

$784/ mo (122-3)
$871 /mo (222-3)

$1, 032/mo (122-4)
$1, 233/mo (222-4)

Purchase

$20,250 (112)
$25,410(222-7)

$35,070 (122-3)
$40,500 (222-3)

$46,200 (122-4)
$57,375 (222-4)

$6,730 (OEM)

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS 1 222-7 Includes Control

1 222-3 Includes Control

1 222-4 Includes Control

—

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

IBM

MODEL

1403-1,2,4,5 & 6

1443

1445

5203

PRINTING MECHANISM

Chain

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

48/120

Upper & Lower Case

13/39/63
Upper Case

14/42/56
Upper Case

48/120

Upper & Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/Inch

Lines/ Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/ std/max)

120

113

120/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

Lines/Min.

200/300/600

190/240/525

100/200

NO. FORMS
(copies)

—

OPERATION

• IBM 1401, 1460,
1130 & S/360

• IBM S/360
Models 25+

• IBM S/360
Models 25 & 30

• IBM S/3

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
Local Basis

PRICE

Lease

—

Purchase

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

1 100-1 & 4
1 20-6 & 7
1 32-2 & 5

2 340-6
465-4 & 5
600-1, 2 & 7

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM <^_Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

ICL

Intercomp

Leigh Instruments

MODEL

667

2401

2402

143

1100

PRINTING MECHANISM

Drum

Chain

Electrostatic 1

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/ max)

Upper Case

48/64
Upper Case

48/96

Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

80/136

96/120

96/ 1 20

120/136

80/128

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

Lines/ Min.

775/880

300

600/750

400/450

180

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• ICL 1900 Series

• IBM 1130

• Dec PDP-8/L

MAINTENANCE

Std-Serv Co
Local Basis

PRICE

Lease

$795/ mo

Purchase

$24,800

$6,000

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

• Also Has Plotting Capability
1 5x7 Dot Matrix

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Mohawk Data Sciences

Motorola

Information System;

; Nortec Computer Devices

MODEL

4320C

4330

7 MTP

B64

B96

PRINTING MECHANISM

Drum

Chain

Electrostatic 1

Chain

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

16/64/128
Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

Upper & Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

120/132/160

80/120/136

132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

300/400

400

330

Lines/ Min.

160/300/375

162/300/450

266

200

150

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
100 Offices

Not Available

PRICE

Lease

—

Purchase

$4,700 (OEM)

$8,780

$3,850

$6,000 (OEM)

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

—

1 5x7 Dot Matrix

—

MODERN DATA/February 1971

K you’re

underwhelmed

. . . with outside computer time-sharing, con-
sider the convenience of an in-house TDS-
1255 . It’s the time-sharing system that lets you
write, debug and run big-system programs.
256K words big. Then run them, if you wish, on
big computers.

For example, with its enhanced FORTRAN
IV, the TDS-1255 has processed programs writ-
ten for the 1108 and the larger 360 systems with
no changes.

TDS-1255 combines 51 2K words of virtual
memory with access to 8 -, 16 - or 32-million
characters of mass disc storage . . . directly ad-
dressable in FORTRAN. It handles up to 16
terminals simultaneously, local and remote.
And it accommodates additional peripherals to
facilitate batch processing concurrent with
time-sharing.

Other important features include File Edit,
MATH, built-in usage accounting, random and
sequential file management processors, and
extensive diagnostics that explain program
mistakes in English.

We can deliver it in 90 days for as low as
$2,700 a month, including maintenance. No
extra shift charges. It’s yours 24-hours-a-day.

We’d like to give you a live demonstration of
the TDS-1255. You may find it overwhelming.

Contact Tracor Data Systems, 4201 Ed Blue-
stein Blvd., Austin, Texas 78721. Or call (512)
926-7770.

TRACOR

Quality in computer products.

DATA

SYSTEMS

MODERN DATA/February 1971

You ought
to have our

printhead examined

It's so simple.

And it makes our TDS-1601 Conversational Ter-
minal the most reliable plug-to-plug replacement in
its class for Model 33 or 35 units. Hundreds of parts
inherent in more complicated terminals have been
designed out ... in favor of advanced electronics.

Which reduces the noise.

And lowers the probability of downtime and
repairs.

The TDS-1601 impact printer generates a 64-
character ASCII subset at 10/15 CPS. Full or half
duplex mode.

You get a crisp original plus two copies ... on
sprocket-fed paper if you prefer.

Other options include a built-in telephone acous-
tic coupler, and your choice of teletypewriter or

parallel interface. A Read-Only model is also avail-
able. And you can buy our unique printhead sep-
arately.

We can deliver in 60 days.

Contact Tracor Data Systems, 4201 Ed Bluestein
Blvd., Austin, Texas 78721. Or call (512) 926-7770

TRACOR

DATA

SYSTEMS

&§&&

Quality in computer products .

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS Cont'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Odec Computer Systems

Per Data

Peripheral Dynamics

MODEL

200

801

1321

IP Series

LI 00

PRINTING MECHANISM

Chain

Drum

8-Col. Wheel

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/ max)

Upper Case

48/96

Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

80/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

—

Lines/Min.

205

150

110/210

600

100

NO.FORMS

(copies)

OPERATION

• RS 232

• DEC PDP-8, -11 & -15

• Data Gen Nova

• HP 2114/15/16

• HON 316 & 516

• Varian 620 i

• HON 316, 516

• Data Gen Nova & Super Nova

• Varian 620 i & 520 i

• DEC PDP-8, -1 1

• HP 21 14/ 15A/16B

• IBM 1130

MAINTENANCE

Opt- Serv Co
17 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$90/ mo
17 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$100/ mo
17 Offices

Std-Mfr/Serv Co
Local Basis

Opt-Serv Co
20 Offices

PRICE

Lease

—

$145/ mo

$176/ mo

—

Purchase

$6,500

$7,900

$11,000

$3,000 (OEM)

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS

—

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Potter Instrument

Qantel

Repco

Syner-Data

MODEL

LP 3000

HSP 3502 A

M2-2001

120

Alpha

PRINTING MECHANISM

Impact 1
Scanner

Chain

Drum

Electrostatic 1

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

Upper Case

32/64/192
Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

88/132

80/132

136

80/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

300

—

120

—

Lines/Min.

135

78/215/360

200

100

300

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• DEC PDP-8

• XDS Sigma 2, 5 & 7

• IBM 1130

• RS 232B

• DEC PDP-8

• HON 316

• Data Gen Nova
& Supernova

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr

Opt-Mfr
$75/ mo
5 Offices

Opt-Serv Co

Opt-Mfr
4 Offices

PRICE

Lease

—

$280/ mo

—

Purchase

$3,385 (OEM)

$9,000 (OEM)

$11,500

$995 (OEM)

$6,660

OTHER FEATURES & COMMEN1

rS 1 5x7 Dot Matrix

—

1 5x7 Dot Matrix —

MODERN DATA/February 1971

your computer
an$wering phone$ make$
a$ much $en$e a$ your
board of director#
$weeping floor$...

A DigiNet-1600 Data Concentrator
makes dollars and "sense”

Your Board of Directors was elected to direct— and
your computer was acquired to compute. — But how
much "salary" are you paying it to "answer phones"?

With a General Electric DigiNet-1600 Data Concentra-
tor on the job, your computer can resign from the phone
answering chores and do more of what you are paying
for — COMPUTING! But controlling phone net-

works is but part of the total job a DigiNet-1600 Con-
centrator can do for you:

It'll help keep line costs down (by consolidating

as many as 256 terminal inputs for transmission
over a minimum number of voice-grade lines). . .
It'll free your computer to do more computing (it
speaks in 16 bit words and has a 4k to 32k memory
to assemble blocks of data before re-transmission to
the computer or the addressed remote terminals). . .
It'll eliminate the need for external Modems and
Multiplexers (these are plug-in options in the
DigiNet-1600).

— And it'll do much, much more!

"DigiNet.

DATA

COMMUHICA TIOHS

To find out how much more a DigiNet-1600 Data Concentrator can
do for your digital network, write Section 12, Telecommunication
Products Department, General Electric Company, P. O. Box 4197,
Lynchburg, Virginia. . . .Your full line supplier of DigiNet Data
Communications Equipment and Systems.

GENERAL

ELECTRIC

MODERN A Fefcr’wjry

:<RCIE NO 24 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS Cant'd

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Teletype

Univac

Versatec

MODEL

Inktronic RO

0762

Matrix 300

Matrix 600

PRINTING MECHANISM

Ink Jet 1

Bar

Electrostatic 1

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

Upper Case

14/63
Upper Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

80/132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

120

25/1200

400

800

Lines/Min.

100

300/600

300

600

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• Univac DCT 2000,
9200, & 9300

• HP 2114/16

• HON 316, 416

• Varian 620i

• DEC PDP-8, -12

• Data Gen Nova

• GR 1-909

• HP 2114/16

• HON 316, 416

• Varian 620i

• DEC PDP-8, -12

• Data Gen Nova

• GR 1-909

MAINTENANCE

Std-Mfr
250 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$23/ mo
32 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$26/ mo
32 Offices

PRICE

Lease

$126/ mo

$154/ mo

Purchose

$5,500

$6,700

OTHER FEATURES & COMMENTS 1 8x14 Dot Matrix

1 5x7 Dot Matrix

TABLE 1 • MEDIUM-SPEED PRINTERS . .

(100 LPM < Rate < 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Versatec (cont'd)

Vogue Instrument Shepard Div.

Xerox

Data Systems

MODEL

Matrix 100A

Matrix 200A

880C

880D & E

7440

PRINTING MECHANISM

Electrostatic 1

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

Upper Case

Upper & Lower Case

16/64/96
Upper Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/Inch

Lines/Inch

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

PRINT RATE

Characters/Sec.

400

800

Lines/Min.

300

600

400

250/400/1000

700

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• RS 232B

• 201/202 Dataset

• IBM 2703

• DEC PDP-8

• HP 2114/15/16

• Varian 620i

• HON 316, 516

maintenance

Opt-Serv Co
32 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$84/ mo
17 Offices

Opt-Serv Co
$84/mo
17 Offices

PRICE

Lease

$407/mo

$288/ mo

Purchase

$7,300

$7,900

$11,000

$7,800

OTHER FEATURES & COMMEI

NTS • Also Has

Plotting Capability
1 5x7 Dot Matrix

• Also Has
Plotting Capability
1 5x7 Dot Matrix

MODERN DATA/Febr.uary 1971

Full line buffer.
Interfacing.
6-copy printout.
400 lines per min.

$ 7800 .

Don’t pay extra for the extras.

Why pay extra for the extras? If your
mini-computer is a PDP-8, Nova,
HP-2116, Varian 620, Honeywell
316 and 516, just plug us in. Our
Vogue/Shepard 880E Printer can
be connected immediately. And it’s
equipped with a full 80 character
buffer, MOS memory, 1C logic
circuitry and complete interfacing
including connectors, cables,
computer interface cards and soft-
ware. All for the price of the printer
itself.

Without interfacing, the complete
system is available for only $7,000
installed!

What’s more, the 880E Printer in-
corporates our uniquely designed

The Vogue/Shepard
880E Printer

combination of ink roller reliability
and patented, drum-impact, ballis-
tic hammers to produce six clear
copies of data Five more copies
than you get with non-impact print
ers At no extra cost.

For $7,800 installed, our 400 Ipm
printer costs a lot less and does a
lot more than any competitive
printer around. Quantity pricing
available, of course.

For information about the printer
with the built-in extras, write
Shepard Division/Vogue Instru-
ment Corporation, 131st Street at
Jamaica Avenue, Richmond Hill,
New York 11418. (212) 641-8800
TWX 710-582-4796

CIRCLE NO 25 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS

Cont'd

TABLE 2 • HIGH-SPEED PRINTERS

(Rate > 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

Control Data

Data Products

Gould Graphics Div.

Honeywell

IBM

MODEL

512

4000

4800

122-6 8c 222-6 1

1403-3 8c-Nl

PRINTING MECHANISM

Train

Drum

Electrostatic 1

Drum

Train

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

18/64/288
Upper & Lower Case

14/64/128
Upper & Lower Case

64/128

Upper 8c Lower Case

42/63
Upper Case

48/120

Upper 8c Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

136

132/136

100/132

120/132

132

PRINT RATE
Lines/Min.

225/1200/1500

500/1000/2000

4800

825/1100

1100

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• CDC 3000, 6000 8
7000 Computers

• IBM 360/30 +

• HON 200 8c 1200

• XDS Sigma 2, --
5 8< 7

• IBM 360/370

• DEC PDP-8,
-12 8c -15

• Interdata

• Burroughs

• Univac

• HON Series 200-Models:
115, 120 8c 125 (122-6)
Models: 115, 120, 125,
200, 1200, 1250, 2200,
3200, 4200 8c 8200
(222-6)

• IBM 1401, 1460,
1130 8c S/360 8, 370

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
$243/ mo
Local Basis

Std-Mfr
Local Basis

Std-Mfr

Std-Mfr
80 Offices

Opt-Mfr
Local Basis

PRICE

Lease

$780/ mo

$1,200/ mo

$1, 153/mo (122-6)
$1,308/ mo (222-6)

Purchase

$47,700

$44,000

$8,900

$51,660 (122-6)
$60,975 (222-6)

OTHER FEATURES &
COMMENTS

• Also Has Plotting
Capability

1 5 x 7 Dot Matrix @
132 Col. 8c 7 x 10 Dot
Matrix @ 100 Col.

1 222-6 Includes
Control

TABLE 2 • HIGH-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(Rate > 1000 LPM)

COMPANY

IBM (cont'd)

ICL

Mohawk Data Sciences

Path Computer Equipment

MODEL

3211

1933

3160

5320

1200

PRINTING MECHANISM

Train

Drum

Electrographic 1

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/ max)

27/48/432
Upper 8c Lower Case

48/64
Upper Case

56/64/112
Upper 8c Lower Case

Upper 8c Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/ max)

132/150

96/120/160

132/160

120/132/160

80/132

PRINT RATE
Lines/Min.

300/2000/2500

1100/1350

625/1000/1250

1200

NO. FORMS
(copies)

4 1

OPERATION

• IBM S/360 Models
30 -f 8c S/370

• ICL 1900 Series

• IBM 1401, S/360

—

• RS 232

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
Local Basis

Opt-Mfr
$250/ mo
1 00 Offices

Opt-Mfr
100 Offices

PRICE

Lease

$2,800/ mo

—

$1,050/ mo

—

Purchase

$129,150

$52,000

$9,200 (OEM)

$7,000 (OEM)

OTHER FEATURES 8c
COMMENTS

1 Higher No.
Multi-Parts
Should Be
Tested

1 Dry Ink Process

MODERN DATA February 1971

But now we must leave our friends in their m f ml
perilously crippled electric airship, and take
the reader, for a while, to the gleaming labo-Xggr
i ratories of the 3M Company.

k The 3 M engineers, having never lost heart in their search for the

■ perfect control computer to complete their 1260 ECG Recording

■ System, discovered MAC 16 readily at hand!

■ The 1260 ECG Recording System, as you will remember from the

■ previous chapter, produces electrocardiograms on microfilm in less
I than two minutes. A boon, indeed, for the healing arts!

■ Furthermore, with the incorporation of the indomitable MAC 16 into
W the system, the 1260 provides on-line computer aided analysis. Imme-
f diate diagnosis of transmitted ECGs becomes commonplace I

What nobler use for MAC 16, with its 1- microsecond cycle time and
4K core, readily expandable to 64K. And other points of excellence,
with which the reader is by now thoroughly acquainted.

Yet, a myriad of applications still await MAC 16. Quite
possibly, one that will benefit you. For an exhaustive elabora-
tion, telephone (213) 722-6810. Collect, as a mark of our respect. /

Lockheed Electronics /M

Data Products Division / Los Angeles (213) 722-6810 f Mm

A Subsidiary of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation / Sj^m

Taking the Pulse
of an ECG.

MAC

AND THE

HASTY

HEARTBEAT

REPORTER

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 26 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE : PRINTERS Cont'd

TABLE 2 • HIGH-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(Rate ^1000 LPM)

COMPANY

RCA

Telex Computer Products

Uni vac

MODEL

8244-100

8244-200

5803

0758-00

0768-00

PRINTING MECHANISM

Chain

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

16/48/120
Upper & Lower Case

16/48/253
Upper & Lower Case

43/63
Upper Case

49/63
Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Lines/Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

PRINT RATE
Lines/Min.

400/750/1200

400/1200/1500

-/I 200/2500

1200/1600

900/1100

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• RCA Spectra 70;
RCA 2, 3, 6 & 7

• IBM S/ 360-25, 85 & 195

• IBM S/370-155 & 165

• Univac 494, 1106,

1 108 & 11 10 Systems

• Univac 9200, 9300,
9400 & 1 1 10 Systems

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
Local Basis

Std-Mfr
Local Basis

Std/ Opt-Mfr
250 Offices

PRICfi

Lease

—

$805/ mo

$1,250/ mo

Purchase

$26,400

$43,500

$40,675

OTHER FEATURES &
COMMENTS

TABLE 2 • HIGH-SPEED PRINTERS Cont'd

(Rate ^J000 LPM)

COMPANY

Univac (cont'd)

Varian Graphics & Data Systems

Xerox Data Systems

MODEL

0768-02

0768-99

Statos 21

7441

7446

PRINTING MECHANISM

Drum

Electrostatic

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

14/87/94

Upper & Lower Case

43/63
Upper Case

Upper Case

42/64/96

Upper & Lower Case

47/64

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

—

Lines/ Inch

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

PRINT RATE
Lines/Min.

840/1000/2000

1200/1600

5000

550/800/1100

1200/1500

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• Univac 1110

• Univac 9200, 9300,
9400 & 1 1 10 Systems

• Varian 620 i

• IBM S/360

—

MAINTENANCE

Std/Opt-Mfr
250 Offices

Opt-Mfr
9 Offices

—

PRICE

Lease

$1,425/ mo

$ 1,550/mo

—

Purchase

$46,545

$50,465

$12,950

OTHER FEATURES &
COMMENTS

• Also Has Plotting Capability

MODERN DATA/February 1971

f&ftttiNAL

Tt ^.NAt

We're not promising...
We’re Delivering!

Delivering Performance— the best Video Display Terminal
on the market. Delivering Price— only $88 per month
(12-month rental) plus $20 maintenance. Delivering now!
Ask for a demonstration. Then insist on Immediate Delivery!

You won’t be disappointed.

Hazeltine

OOllll Hazeltine Corporation

Greenlawn, N.Y. 11740 Phone (516) 261-7000

CIRCLE NO. 27 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: PRINTERS

Cont'd

TABLE 3 • OFF-LINE OR SATELLITE PRINTING SYSTEMS

COMPANY

Computer Machinery

Data Products

Dylaflo

Business Machines

Gould Graphics Div

Mohawk Data Sciences

MODEL

CMC 36 1

4000

Dylaflo-1 1

4800

1320

PRINTING MECHANISM

Train

Drum

Train

Electrostatic 1

Drum

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/max)

48/120

Upper & Lower Case

14/64/128
Upper & Lower Case

48/120

Upper & Lower Case

64/128

Upper & Lower Case

Upper Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

—

Lines/ Inch

4 or 8

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132

132/136

132

100/132

132

PRIiNT RATE
Lines/Min.

600/1100

500/1000/2000

600/1100

4800

300

NO. FORMS
(copies)

—

OPERATION

• 7/9 Track Mag Tape @
200/556/800/1600 bpi

• 2311/2314 Disk Drives

• 7/9 Track Mag
Tape @ 200/556/
800/1600 bpi

• 7/9 Track Mag
Tape @ 800/1600
bpi

• 9 Track Mag Tape

• 7/9 Track Mag Tape
@ 200/800 bpi

MAINTENANCE

Std-Mfr
15 Offices

Std-Mfr
Local Basis

Std-Mfr

Opt-Mfr
$80/ mo
100 Offices

PRICE

Lease

$1,1 75/ mo 2

$1, 500/mo

—

$420/ mo

Purchase

$47,000

$57,000

$25,000

$21,000

OTHER FEATURES &
COMMENTS

1 Uses IBM 1403 Printer,
Models 2, 3, 7 or N1

2 Plus 1403 Lease

1 Uses IBM 1403
Printer

• Also Has Plotting
Capability
1 5x7 Dot Matrix@
132 Col. & 7x10 Dot
Matrix @ 100 Col.

TABLE 4 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Medium-Speed Print-
ers, listed in Table 1 , circle on the Reader Service
Card the appropriate number listed below.

Reader Service

Company Card Number

Bright Industries, San Francisco, Cal 200

Centronics Data Computer, Hudson, N.H 201

Custom Computer Systems, Plainview, N.Y 202

Daconics, Sunnyvale, Cal 203

Data Computing, Phoenix, Ariz 204

Data Printer, Cambridge, Mass 205

A. B. Dick, Chicago, III 206

Digital Equipment, Maynard, Mass 207

Eclectic, Dallas, Texas 208

Honeywell, Needham, Mass 209

IBM, White Plains, N.Y 210

ICL, New York, N.Y 211

Intercomp, Cambridge, Mass 212

Leigh Instruments, Ottawa, Canada 213

Mohawk Data Sciences, East Herkimer, N.Y 214

Motorola Information Systems, Phoenix, Ariz 215

Nortec Computer Devices, Ashland, Mass 216

Odec Computer Systems, East Providence, R.l 217

Per Data, Hicksville, N.Y 218

Peripheral Dynamics, Norristown, Pa 219

Potter Instrument, Plainview, N.Y 220

Qantel, Hayward, Cal 221

Repco, Orlando, Fia 222

Syner-Data, Beverly, Mass 223

Teletype, Skokie, III 224

Univac, Blue Bell, Pa 225

Versatec, Cupertino, Cal 226

Vogue Instrument, Richmond Hill, N.Y 227

Xerox Data Systems, El Segundo, Cal 228

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TABLE 3 • OFF-LINE OR SATELLITE PRINTING SYSTEMS Cont'd

COMPANY

Mohawk Data Sciences (cont'd)

Per Data

Photon-Computer
Graphics Div.

Telex

Computer Products

MODEL

2501

7160 & 9160

MP Series

7700

5803

PRINTING MECHANISM

Drum

Photographic 1

Chain

CHARACTER SET
(min/std/ max)

56/64/112
Upper & Lower Case

Upper & Lower Case

4 Fonts of
2 Sizes

16/48/253
Upper &
Lower Case

DENSITY

Characters/ Inch

Adjustable

Lines/ Inch

6 or 8

Adjustable

6 or 8

COLUMNS PER PAGE
(min/std/max)

132/160

132

Adjustable

132

PRINT RATE
lines/Min.

625/1000/1250

600

300

-/ 1200/2500

NO. FORMS
(copies)

OPERATION

• 7/9 Track Mag
Tape @ 200/556/
800/1600 bpi

• 7 Track Mag Tape
@ 200/556/800
bpi (7160)

• 9 Track Mag Tape
@ 800/1600 bpi
(9160)

• 7/9 Track Mag Tape @
200/556/800/1600 bpi

• 7/9 Track Mag
Tape @

200/556/800 bpi

• 7/9 Track Mag
Tape @ Up To
1600 bpi

MAINTENANCE

Opt-Mfr
$275/ mo
100 Offices

Opt-Mfr
$250/ mo
1 00 Offices

Std-Mfr/Serv Co
Local Basis

Std-Mfr
Local Basis

PRICE

Lease

$1,140/ mo

$1,000/ mo (7160)
$ 1,090/mo (9160)

$1, 185/mo

$9 10/ mo

Purchase

$57,000

$50,000 (7160)
$54,000 (9160)

$40,000

—

$37,100

OTHER FEATURES &
COMMENTS

1 Paper, Film or
Offset Master
Output

TABLE 5 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on High-Speed Printers ,
listed in Table 2 , circle on the Reader Service Card
the appropriate number listed below.

Reader Service

Company Card Number

Control Data, Minneapolis, Minn 229

Data Products, Woodland Hills, Cal 230

Gould, Cleveland, Ohio 231

Honeywell, Needham, Mass 232

IBM, White Plains, N.Y 233

ICL, New York, N.Y 234

Mohawk Data Sciences, East Herkimer, N.Y 235

Path Computer Equipment, Stamford, Conn 236

RCA, Camden, N.J 237

Telex Computer 'Products, Tulsa, Okla 238

Univac, Blue Bell, Pa 239

Varian, Palo Alto, Cal 240

Xerox Data Systems, El Segundo, Cal 241

TABLE 6 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Off-Line or Satellite
Printing Systems, listed in Table 3, circle on the
Reader Service Card the appropriate number listed
below.

Reader Service

Company Card Number

Computer Machinery, Los Angeles, Cal 242

Data Products, Woodland Hills, Cal 243

Dylaflo Business Machines, El Segundo, Cal 244

Gould, Cleveland, Ohio 245

Mohawk Data Sciences, East Herkimer, N.Y 246

Per Data, Hicksville, N.Y 247

Photon, Wilmington, Mass 248

Telex Computer Products, Tulsa, Okla 249

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE

DISK & DRUM DRIVES Part 2 — Large-Scale Drives

FRANKLIN L. TABEL, Project Manager • BCD Computing, Subsidiary of Sierra Research, Buffalo, N.Y.

Vermont Research's Model 2064 Drum Memory, capable of
storing 143 megabits and having an average access time of
17.5 milliseconds.

EDITOR’S NOTE: This Profile of large capacity
greater than 50 million bits (50 megabits) disk
and drum memories is the second of a three-part
series on disk and drum memories. The first part,
published last month, covered IBM 2311 and
2314 plug-to-plug compatible disk-pack drives;
the third will cover drives that have a storage
capacity of under 50 Mbits.

INTRODUCTION

Disk and drum storage systems are rotating mag-
netic memories which permit physical records to
be written at, and retrieved from, a discrete loca-
tion having a unique address. The ability to store
large amounts of data ( up to billions of bits ) at a
competitive cost, and to access directly such a
mass storage system, make the disk or drum sys-
tem a desirable choice when considering new or
expanded processor storage configurations.

Innovations in technology have effected larger
storage capacities, higher recording densities,
shorter access times, and improved reliability.
Greater utility has been gained by the increase in
availability of interfaces for various host comput-
ers; separate and integrally packaged drive con-
trollers and complete interface hardware can be
purchased from independent manufacturers for
many popular computers. 1,2 Many of the inde-
pendents may also supply software to support
their drives.

This Profile addresses itself to describing the op-
eration of a disk or drum storage system; outlining
factors that should be considered when selecting a
rotating mass memory; and tabulating the features
of disk-pack, fixed-disk, and drum devices having a
storage capacity of over 50 megabits per drive
unit; it also serves to update a previous survey 3 on
large capacity drives that was published in mod-
ern DATA.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

OPERATION

This section outlines the operation of a disk or
drum memory with the central computer. Topics
considered are: the communications channels link-
ing the computer with the drive ( s ) ; the drive con-
trol, the storage device (drive); recording tech-
niques; transfer rate; and access mechanisms.

Communications Channels

The typical interface between the computer main-
frame and a high-speed File Control Unit (FCU)
occurs at a generalized point between a selector
channel and the FCU. A number of different FCU
models may be attached, but a common, standard-
ized set of data and control lines are maintained.

The selector channel operates in a burst
mode — only the selected device can be serviced
when a command to transfer a block of data is
executed. Until the operation is completed, other
devices using the same channel must await avail-
ability.

The channel concept relieves the CPU of unnec-
essary tasks involving I/O operations. It also re-
duces the number of program instructions needed
to manage I/O operations. The main CPU pro-
gram need maintain only a few basic instruc-
tions — start I/O, test I/O, and halt I/O.

Each CPU instruction word identifies the specific
channel and device to be used in the operation. If
the channel accepts the instruction (e.g., not
busy ) the main program can continue normal pro-
cessing while the channel assumes independent
control for the remainder of the I/O operation.

Channel Operation

The channel accomplishes its job through one or
more stored Channel Command Words (CCW).
These commands specify what I/O actions are to

be taken, where data is to be found or stored, and
what is to be done at the end of the operation. The
area of a selector channel used for addressing,
counting data, and holding status information is
called its subchannel. The condition of status of a
given I/O system at any instant is that of each
component: channel, subchannel, controller, and
one or more devices. The CPU main program is
interrupted when conditions in the channel or in
the attached components warrant it. When an I/O
interrupt occurs, the channel stores a Channel
Status Word (CSW) in CPU main memory. The
CSW is detailed up-to-date, information about the
channel, the controller the drive unit, and the re-
sults of a completed operation. When the CPU
program is interrupted due to an unusual I/O
event, control is transferred to a supporting pro-
gram routine which can take appropriate action.
For example, if an original memory track cannot
be written, a new I/O routine can be initiated to
provide for the steering of all subsequent write
data to an alternate, or spare track.

A CPU start I/O instruction is always executed
to begin any I/O device operation and results in
an updated CSW; the CSW may also be updated

Franklin L. Tabel’s technical
experience ranges from radio
and radar systems to comput-
er peripherals, mainframes,
and programming. At BCD
Computing, Mr. Tabel has
been engaged in the develop-
ment of a new type of com-
puter input typewriter and in
the design of the DIMBO-IO
an information retrieval sys-
tem for accounting and inven-
tory management applica-
tions. He holds a BSEE from
CCNY and Hofstra Univ.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE:
DISK & DRUM DRIVES .

Cont'd

without starting an I/O device by the execution of
a test I/O instruction. The halt I/O instruction
execution causes the addressed channel and I/O
device to be terminated. The actual effect of each
CPU I/O instruction, however, is not simple.
Whether an operation will begin immediately (or
at all) in the addressed channel, controller, or de-
vice varies with the current condition of each
component.

A channel program (i.e., a sequence of channel
command words) independently controls I/O op-
erations. The command type which causes data to
be transferred from CPU main storage to the I/O
device is a WRITE command. For transfer of data
from the I/O device to CPU main storage the ap-
propriate READ command is required. A third
type of command, CONTROL, is decoded by the
channel into orders which direct actions to be
taken which do not involve the transfer of data.
For a direct access storage device, such as the po-
sitionable-head disk drive, a seek command is of
this type. It causes the addressed drive to position
the read/write head at a specified address. For
mass storage I/O devices, a unique fourth cate-
gory of channel commands, SEARCH, allows
areas of the memory to be sequentially compared
until a field of data, such as an identification num-
ber, relates in some manner (equal, greater than,
etc. ) to the chosen parameters. In all, the number
of specific channel commands may be as high as
40 in number. This repertory absolutely defines
the capability of the system for a device type.

The Controller

The I/O device controller has been a specialized
unit peculiar to the peripheral device (s) which it
is intended to regulate. The timing characteristics
of electro-mechanical drive units are foreign to the
normalized interface characteristics of a selector
channel. In fact, a selector channel may be physi-
cally attached to several different contoller types
such as disk, drum, or magnetic tape. In the burst
mode operation, only one of these controllers is
logically connected' to the channel. The primary
purpose of any controller is to accept control sig-
nals from the channel (decoded orders), to con-
trol timing of all data transfers to and from the
channel over the I/O interface, and to provide in-
formation to the channel as to the condition, or
status, of the controller itself or any of the devices
attached to it. The concept of the daisy chain I/O
bus allows multiple controllers to operate in this
fashion on a single channel.

It is difficult to generalize about controller ca-
pabilities, even for a specific device such as a
drum memory, no less than for a range of electro-
mechanical devices. In the past, the expansion of
system configurations to include desirable per-
ipheral units has been hampered by the necessity
of tailoring a controller to a customized function.
Only a few major computer manufacturers have
succeeded in developing controller product lines
but at very high cost! The price of a disk storage
drive controller is approximately $50,000 to $75,-
000. Recently, disk drive memory controllers have
appeared on the market with reduced capabilities,
usually at the expense of CPU overhead, for as low
as $25,000, including software. Others, limited to
fixed-length data format and relatively simple fea-
tures, sell for even less.

The Bryant 4000 Disk File-C2A, a three-module file containing
a maximum of 26 disks and capable of storing 4300 megabits.

Disk storage devices and drum memories have
in common the steady-state rotating magnetic stor-
age member (the disk or drum surfaces). An im-
portant function of all device controllers is to
make this characteristic transparent as far as the
channel is concerned. For fixed-length data for-
mats, sector clock pulses are generated in the
drive device 10 times per revolution. These pulses
simplify the process of writing and reading fixed-
length identifying and data fields. For variable-
length data formats, however, the occurrence of
these fields may be completely random in ori-
entation with respect to a master index pulse
which occurs only once per revolution. Some con-
trollers solve this aspect of memory synchro-
nization by interspersing gaps and address mark-
ers between the fields of data which originate in
the CPU. The critical requirement of any storage
system is to be able to recover all the data that
was recorded. The addition of the gaps and ad-
dress markers (serial synchronizing pulses) be-
tween other data fields permits the timing circuits

MODERN DATA/February 1971

SA 7000

DRUM MEMORIES

SA 8000

DRUM MEMORIES

Our SA 7000 drum memories are fast, with aver-
age access rates of 8.7 ms. Single-drum capacities
range from 1 0 million to 1 50 million bits, with 256,
51 2, 1 024 or 1 536 tracks — each with its own read/
write flying head. SA 7000's are reliable, too. You
can expect less than one error in 1 0 11 bits under normal
operating conditions. Nor did we forget the human
factor. Our drums feature stand-alone design, turntable
mounted to give full 360° access to all circuits and check-
points from the front. And data electronics are part of
the package, including a bit serial interface that matches
the drum to your controller. Optionally, controller logic
can be provided to interface with a central processor.
These are just some of the features. They add up to
low bit cost and high throughput. Which is what
drum memories are all about. At least ours.

ditto

except the SA 8000
is twice as fast!
Average access:

4.4 milliseconds!!

For more information on the SA 8000 Drum Memory
or the SA 7000 Series, just write or call.

SYSTEMATICS/
MAGNE-HEAD DIVISION,

GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORPORATION
13040 So. Cerise Ave., Hawthorne, Calif. 90250.

(213) 679-3377.. TWX 910-325-6203.

CIRCLE NO. 28 ON INQUIRY CARD

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE : PRINTERS

Cont'd

TABLE 1 • REMOVABLE DISK-PACK DRIVES
(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Storage Media

Capacity

Organization
(cylinders &
tracks per
cylinder)

Avg Access
Time (position-
ing & latency
times)

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

(D) - Drive
(C) - Controller

Burroughs

B9484/85/

86-3

40 Surfaces
of 2 B9974-1
1 1-Disk Packs

968 Mbits
121 Mbytes
20.2 Mwords

406 cyl
20 trks/cyl

30 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6380/7380
8 Drives

$700/mo-
$33,600 (D)

$ 1,800/mo (C)

B9484/85/

86-5

38 Surfaces
of 2 B9974-2
12-Disk Packs

1600 Mbits
200 Mbytes
33.3 Mwords

406 cyl
19 trks/cyl

30 msec
8.4 msec

6.45 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6382/7382
8 Drives

$l,350/mo-
$64,800 (D)
$950/mo (C)

Control

Data

9740/9741

19 Surfaces
of 1 CDC 873
1 1-Disk Pack

475 Mbits

406 cyl
20 trks/cyl

35 msec

2.5 Mbps

—

9750/9751

19 Surfaces
of 1 CDC 872
11-Disk Pack

870 Mbits

406 cyl
16 trks/cyl

30 msec

6.8 Mbps

841/3553-1 1

20 Surfaces
of 1 CDC 871
1 1-Disk Pack

216 Mbits

200 cyl
20 trks/cyl

75 msec

2.2 Mbps

3553-1
8 Drives

Digital

Equipment

RP 02

20 Surfaces
of 1 RP02P
1 1-Disk Pack

186 Mbits
5.17 Mwords

203 cyl
20 trks/cyl

50 msec
12.5 msec

RP-10
8 Drives

• DEC PDP-1 0

$650/ mo-
$26,000 (D)
$25,000 (C)

EDP

Technology

2311

10 Surfaces
of 1 1316
6-Disk Pack

58 Mbits
7.25 Mbytes

203 cyl
10 trks/cyl

75 msec
12.5 msec

1.25 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2311
8 Drives

• Data Gen
Nova

• DEC PDP-8

$22,500 (D)

Honeywell

172

10 Surfaces
of 1 M4005
6-Disk Pack

55.2 Mbits

9.2 Mbytes

200 cyl
10 trks/cyl

20 msec
12.5 msec

1 .25 Mbps
Bit-Ser

CPU
4 Drives

• HON 200
Model 115

$409/mo-
$21,400 (D)

259/259 B

10 Surfaces
of 1 M4005
6-Disk Pack

55.2 Mbits

9.2 Mbytes

200 cyl
10 trks/cyl

30 msec
12.5 msec

1 .25/. 885

Mbps

Bit-Ser

257/257-1 /260
8 Drives

• HON 200
Models 120
to 8200

$521 /mo-
$24,000 (D)
$25,000 (C)

273 2

20 Surfaces
of 1 M4007
11 -Disk Pack

1 10 Mbites
1 8.4 Mbytes

200 cyl
20 trks/cyl

20 msec
12.5 msec

1.25 Mbps
Bit-Ser

257/257-1/260
8 Drives

• HON 200
Models 125
to 8200

$767/mo-
$34,650 (D)
$25,000 (C)

278

1 60 Surfaces
of 8 M4008
1 1-Disk Packs

1600 Mbits
280 Mbytes

1600 cyl
20 trks/cyl

20 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

257-3
1 Drive

• HON 200
Models 1200
to 8200

$2,1 70/mo-
$98,500 (D)
$61,000 (C)

IBM

231 1 3

10 Surfaces
of 1 1316
6-Disk Pack

58 Mbits
7.25 Mbytes

203 cyl
10 trks/cyl

75 msec
12.5 msec

1.25 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2841 s
8 Drives

• IBM S/360
Models 20
& up

$570/mo-
$24,700 (D)

2312 s

19 Surfaces
of 1 2316
11 -Disk Pack

233 Mbits
29.2 Mbytes

203 cyl
19 trks/cyl

60 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2314 s
8 Drives

• IBM S/360
Models 30

& up &

S/370

$535/mo-
$24,100 (D)
$l,480/mo-
$66,800 (C)

3330*

19 Surfaces
of 1 3336
12-Disk-Pack

800 Mbits
1 00 Mbytes

404 cyl
19 trks/cyl

30 msec
8.4 msec

6.45 Mbps
B(it-Ser

3830
8 Drives

• IBM S/360
Models 185
& 195 &
S/370

$ 7,600/ mo-
$357,200
(D & C) 5

ICL

4420°

20 Surfaces
of 1 20-Disk
Pack

184 Mbits
30.7 Mbytes

203 cyl
20 trks/cyl

87.5 msec

12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2812/1
9 Drives

• ICL 1900
Series

Available in 3- to 8-Drive Configuration Models
Available as Model 274 in 8-Drive Configuration

3 See the January, 1971 Issue of MODERN DATA for Profile on IBM 2311 & 2314 Plug-to-Plug Compatible Disk Pack Drives
••Available in 2-, 4-, 6- or 8-Drive Configuration Models
C 8-Drive Model with Controller

“Available in 3~, 5-, 7- or 9-Drive Configuration Models

in the controller to get in step with the data dur-
ing read operations. The controller does not send
gap data to the channel; these bits are stripped
and only the commanded read data is converted to
byte information for input to the channel.

The Storage Device

The majority of rotating storage devices employed
today are disk and drum drives, although other

forms are available (magnetic card strip, tape
loop, etc.). The memory element of a magnetic
drum is a metal cylinder, magnetically coated over
its curved surface and rotating about its central
axis. The heads are fixed in the drum housing,
sometimes in staggered groupings around the cir-
cumference; each head always sweeping the same
circular track. Movable-head versions of drum
memories are almost nonexistant today. An impor-
tant limitation of the drum memory is the fixed
medium which prevents off-line storage of records.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: DISK & DRUM DRIVES

Cont'd

TABLE 1 • REMOVABLE DISK-PACK DRIVES Cont'd

(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Storage Media

Capacity

Organization
(cylinders &
tracks per
cylinder)

Avg Access
Time (position-
ing & latency
times)

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

(D) - Drive
(C) - Controller

Information

Storage

Systems

724

20 Surfaces
of 1 2316
11-Disk Pack

188 Mbits
25.5 Mbytes
1 1.8 Mwords

203 cyl
20 trks/cyl

30 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Bit-Par

Integral
2 Drives

$25,000

(D&C)

NCR

EM-J

12 Surfaces
of 2 EM-J
3-Disk Packs

93.3 Mbits

10.4 Mbytes

192 cyl
72 trks/cyl

45 msec
21/12 msec

108/180 Kbps

657 7

20 Surfaces
of 1 Disk Pack

240/384 Mbits
30/48 Mbytes

200 cyl
20 trks/cyl

60 msec
12.5 msec

315/500 Kbps

625-201
8 Drives

• NCR 200 &
300 Systems

$575/mo-
$26,500 (D)

RCA

8564

10 Surfaces
of 1 RCA 506
6-Disk Pack

58 Mbits
7.25 Mbytes

203 cyl
10 trks/cyl

75 msec
1 2.5 msec

1.25 Mbps
Byte-Par

8551
8 Drives

• RCA 2, 3, 6,
7 Systems

$535/mo-
$25,500 (D)
$497/ mo (C)

8590

20 Surfaces
of 1 RCA 511
11-Disk Pack

233 Mbits
29.2 Mbytes

203 cyl
20 trks/cyl

60 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps
Byte-Par

Integral
16 Drives

• RCA 2, 3, 6
& 7 Systems

$l,950/mo-

$95,300

(D&C)

Univac

8411

10 Surfaces
of 1 6-Disk
Pack

58 Mbits
7.25 Mbytes

203 cyl
10 trks/cyl

75 msec
12.5 msec

1.25 Mbps

8411
8 Drives

8414

20 Surfaces
of 1 2316
1 1-Disk Pack

233 Mbits
29.2 Mbytes
3.5 Mwords

200 cyl
20 trks/cyl

60 msec
12.5 msec

2.5 Mbps

8414
8 Drives

• Univac 1 1 00
& 9000 Series

$ 1,990/ mo-

$74,000

(D&C)

8440

19 Surfaces
of 1 11 -Disk
Pack

900 Mbits
24.8 Mwords

406 cyl
19 trks/cyl

35 msec
12.5 msec

5 Mbps

8440
8 Drives

• Univac 1 1 00
Series

$580/ mo-
$27,800 (D)
$1,800/ mo
$86,400 (C)

■•Available as Model 657-101 in 1-Drive Configuration, and as Model 657-102 in 2-Drive Configuration

Thus, drums are more likely to be found in dedi-
cated applications (such as ground check-out sys-
tems ) that require permanent diagnostic pro-
grams. One advantage of the drum is the ability to
seal and pressurize the unit with an inert gas.
They can therefore be used in systems which are
installed near hazardous atmospheres. Otherwise,
the operation and design characteristics of drum
memories are the same as for disk storage devices.

Capacity, cost, and access time are the major
identifying features of disks, but the awareness of
certain other technical characteristics is important
to proper selection. The memory element consists
of one or more metal disks magnetically coated on
both flat sides; the substrate may be aluminum,
with diameters typically from 14 to 20 inches and
the storage area usually only a few inches in
diameter. One or more disks are mounted on an
axis (the spindle) about which they rotate. Disk
drives are available in combinations of single
/multiple and permanent/removable media; some
drives have more than one spindle. A disk-car-

tridge is a removable single disk; a disk-pack is a
removable multiple-disk assembly. The design of
these removable disk units stresses freedom from
contamination of the disk surface(s), and mechan-
ical stability from operator handling.

Many read/write head arrangements are pos-
sible. These include fixed head-per-track, single
and multiple positionable heads (single actuator),
multiple positionable heads ( more than one actua-
tor), and various combinations. The single positio-
nable-head design results in the longest average
access time and requires an elaborate positioner
and various safety features, but the data elec-
tronics is kept at a minimum, requiring only a read
and a write amplifier. At the other extreme is the
head-per-track design (no positioner) which re-
sults in the minimum average access time; this is
the time for a half-revolution of the disk, or the
average latency. In order to implement serial-by-
bit read and write data interface lines for the drive
unit, multiple head designs require more elaborate
read/write head electronics.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TABLE 2 • NON-REMOVABLE DISK DRIVES
(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Storage Media

Capacity

Organization
(cylinders &
tracks per
cylinder)

Avg Access
Time (position-
ing & latency
times)

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

(D) - Drive
(C) - Controller

Bryant

Computer

Products

4000 A2A

24 Surfaces
of 13 Disks

2100 Mbits

256 cyl
144 trks/cyl

170 msec
25 msec

1.14 Mbps
Bit-Ser

Series 720
8 Drives

• Interdata
Mod 1 to 5

• DEC PDP-8

• MAC-16

• SEL 810

4000 C2A

50 Surfaces
of 26 Disks

4300 Mbits

256 cyl
300 trks/cyl

170 msec
25 msec

1.14 Mbps
Bit-Ser

Series 720
8 Drives

• Interdata
Mod 1 to 5

• DEC PDP-8

• MAC- 16
•SEL 810

Burroughs

B 475

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

57.6 Mbits

9.6 Mbytes

1 .2 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

20 msec

600 Kbps
Bit-Ser/Par

B247/5470
50 Drives

$ 1,040/ mo-
$44,500 (D)
$590/mo (C)

B 9372/74-1
B 9372-6

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

80 Mbits
10 Mbytes
5 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

20 msec

1.66 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B2373/3373/

4373

100 Drives

$675/ mo-
$35,000 (D)
$200/ mo (C)

B 9372-1 1

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

87 Mbits
1 0.9 Mbytes
1 .8 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

20 msec

1 .89 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6373
100 Drives

$850/mo-
$44,000 (D)
$400/ mo (C)

B 9376-1 2 l

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

160 Mbits
20 Mbytes
3.33 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

40 msec

1.82 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6373
100 Drives

$700/ mo-
$44,800 (D)
$400/ mo (C)

B 477/7B-2 2
B 9375/76-9

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

115.2 Mbits

19.2 Mbytes
2.4 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

40 msec

600 Kbps
Bit-Ser

B5470-1/
B0374-2
100/50 Drives

■

$700/ mo-
$45,600 (D)
$590/ mo (C)

& 9372/74-8°
B 9376-2

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

160 Mbits
20 Mbytes
1 0 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

40 msec

1.82 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B2373/3373/

4373

100 Drives

$700/mo-
$38,500 (D)
$200/ mo (C)

B 9376-1 0 4

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

160 Mbits
20 Mbytes
3.33 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

23 msec

2.83 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6373
100 Drives

‘

$900/mo-
$45,600 (D)
$400/mo (C)

B 9372/74-7 5
B 9376-0

8 Surfaces
of 4 Disks

160 Mbits
20 Mbytes
10 Mwords

1 cyl

400 trks/cyl

23 msec

2.82 Mbps
Bit-Ser

82373/3373/

4373

100 Drives

$900/ mo-
$43,200 (D)
$200/ mo (C)

B 9472-1°

2 Surfaces
of 1 Disk

120 Mbits
1 5 Mbytes
2.5 Mwords

1 cyl

100 trks/cyl

20 msec

4.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6877/7877
20 Drives

$l,400/mo-
$67,200 (D)
$350/ mo (C)

B 9472-2 7

2 Surfaces
of 1 Disk

160 Mbits
20 Mbytes
3.33 Mwords

1 cyl

100 trks/cyl

35 msec

3.6 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6877/7877
20 Drives

$l,400/mo-
$67,200 (D)
$350/ mo (C)

B 9473-1

16 Surfaces
of 8 Disks

1 200 Mbits
1 50 Mbytes
25 Mwords

1 cyl

1000 trks/cyl

20 msec

4.5 Mbps
Bit-Ser

B6877/7877
20 Drives

$5,350/mo-
$256,800 (0)
$350/ mo (C)

Collins

Radio

9200 A-l

16 Surfaces
of 8 Disks

356 Mbits
33.6 Mbytes

128 cyl
32 trks/cyl

19.5 msec

12.5 msec

2.78 Mbps
Bit-Ser

—

$23,500

(OEM)

’Available in 40 Surface/20 Disk Configuration as Model B9375-12
Available in 40 Surface/20 Disk Configuration as Model B477-1
Available in 40 Surface/20 Disk Configuration as Model B9375-2
Available in 40 Surface/20 Disk Configuration as Model B9375-10
Available in 40 Surface/20 Disk Configuration as Model B9375-0
“Available in 4 Surface/2 Disk Configuration as Models B9472-3 & B9474-3

Available in 4 Surface/2 Disk Configuration as Models B9472-4 & B9474-4, and in 20 Surface/10 Disk Configuration as Model B9473-2

The capacity of a drive unit is determined by
several factors. The track density and the bit den-
sity in a given track determine the number of bits
stored on a given surface area. Bits per inch for a
given track is a function of recording method, bit
clock rate, and surface velocity. Surface velocity,
for a given track, depends upon disk rotation
speed and the distance of the track from the
spindle axis. Rotation speeds now are typically
2400, 3000, and 3600 rpm, with the IBM 2305 disk
drive at 12,000 rpm.

Recording Techniques

Three techniques find extensive use in the record-
ing of data on rotating magnetic memories. One
technique, non-return-to-zero inverted (NRZI), is
found in certain devices where provision has been
made for a synchronized read clock. NRZI record-
ing affords maximum recorded data density; all
flux transitions sensed by a read head represent
logical “one” bits. It is not possible to determine,

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE: DISK & DRUM DRIVES

Cont'd

TABLE 2 • NON-REMOVABLE DISK DRIVES Cont'd

(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Storage Media

Capacity

Organization
(cylinders &
tracks per
cylinder)

Avg Access
Time (position-
ing & latency
times)

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

(D) - Drive
(C) - Controller

Control

Dota

821 s

1 28 Surfaces
of 72 Disks

2500/5000

Mbits

64 trks/cyl

80 msec

2.51 Mbps

3553

6638

72 Disks

790/1000

Mbits

—

80 msec

1.68 Mbps
Bit-Par

Integral

• CDC 6000
Series

Data

Products

6040

40 Surfaces
of 22 Disks

2000 Mbits
250 Mbytes

800 cyl
40 trks/cyl

55 msec
16.7 msec

1.87 Mbps
Bit-Ser

—

$60,000

(OEM)

7010

40 Surfaces
of 22 Disks

793 Mbits
22 Mwords

812 cyl
40 trks/cyl

55 msec
16.7 msec

2.31 Mbps
Bit-Ser

7110/7111
16 Drives

• Univac 418,
494, 1106 &
1108

$2,240/mo-
$98,700 (D)
$63,000 (C)

73 18 9

40 Surfaces
of 22 Disks

934 Mbits
1 17 Mwords

812 cyl
40 trks/cyl

55 msec
16.7 msec

1.87 Mbps
Bit-Ser

7360/7361
16 Drives

• IBM S/360
Models 30 &
up 9

$2,130/mo-
$98,000 (D)
$54,000 (C)

Digital

Development

7313

16 Surfaces
of 8 Disks

67.6 Mbits

—

8.5 msec

3.96 Mbps

—

Honeywell

261

64 Surfaces
of 36 Disks

900 Mbits
150 Mbytes

128 cyl
128 trks/cyl

15 msec
25.7 msec

Bit-Ser

260

8 Drives

• HON 200
Models 120
to 4200

$3,868/ mo-
$166,000 (D)
$26,100 (C)

262

128 Surfaces
of 72 Disks

1 800 Mbits
300 Mbytes

256 cyl
128 trks/cyl

15 msec
25.7 msec

Bit-Ser

260

4 Drives

• HON 200
Models 120
to 4200

$6,554/mo-
$297,000 (D)
$26,100(0

IBM

2302-3/4

46 Surfaces
of 25 Disks

902 Mbits
113 Mbytes

500 cyl

148 msec
17 msec

1.25 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2841
2 Drives

• IBM S/360

—

2305-2

12 Surfaces
of 6 Disks

90 Mbits
1 1 .2 Mbytes

5 msec

12 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2835
2 Drives

• IBM S/360
Models 40 &
up & S/370

$6,400/ mo-

$300,800

(D&C)

ICL

2805 10

1 2 Surfaces
of 6 Disks

605 Mbits
101 Mbytes

256 cyl
12 trks/cyl

100 msec
25 msec

900 Kbps
Bit-Ser

2803/1
1 4 Drives

• ICL 1900
Series

—

2806 10

12 Surfaces
of 6 Disks

1310 Mbits
21 8 Mbytes

256 cyl
12 trks/cyl

100 msec
25 msec

900 Kbps
Bit-Ser

2803/1
14 Drives

• ICL 1900
Series

—

Systems

Peripherals Div.

211

4 Surfaces
of 2 Disks

96 Mbits
12 Mbytes

16.8 msec

3 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

• SEL810 A&B,
8200, 8600,
8800

• XDS Sigma 2,
3 & 5

Xerox Data
Systems

720 E

4 Surfaces
of 2 Disks

51.4 Mbits
6.2 Mbytes

—

16.7 msec

3 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

$25,000

(OEM)

Available as Model 821-1 in 36 Disk Configuration, and as Model 821-2 in 72 Disk Configuration

°IBM S/360-2314 Compatible

10 Available in 13- and 25-Disk Configuration Models

via the data itself, the occurrence of logical “zero”
bits since no flux transition occurs.

The other two methods which find use in larger
memories are phase modulation recording and
double frequency recording. As opposed to NRZI,
these methods record, effectively, only one bit of
data for each two bits that are written; thus, for
the same clock frequency, only half the effective
data density is attained, but an advantage is
gained in that, during a read operation, the read
clock is recoverable from the read data itself for

both logical levels. There need not be dependence
upon external synchronization signals when these
recording techniques are used.

Transfer Rate

The sum total of the foregoing characteristics re-
sults in the data transfer rate. For bit-serial trans-
fers at the drive unit interface, bit rate and data

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE : DISK & DRUM DRIVES

Cont'd

TABLE 3 • HYBRID DISK DRIVES

(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Storage Media

Capacity

Organization
(cylinders &
tracks per
cylinder)

Avg Access
Time (position-
ing & latency
times)

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

(D) - Drive
(C) - Controller

lomec

2023

1 Fixed Disk
& 2 2315 Disk
Cartridges

72 Mbits
9 Mbytes
4.5 Mwords

609 cyl
2 trks/cyl

70 msec
20 msec

1.56 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2800
4 Drives

• DEC PDP-8,-
12

• Micro 810,
812

• Data Gen
Nova &
Supernova

• GA 18/30

• SPC-16

• HP 2114B,
2116

• Milacron CIP-
2000

$15,575 (D)
$4,500 (C)

2024

2 Fixed Disks
& 2 2315 Disk
Cartridges

96 Mbits
1 2 Mbytes
6 Mwords

812 cyl
2 trks/cyl

70 msec
20 msec

1 .56 Mbps
Bit-Ser

2800
4 Drives

$17,200 (D)
$4,500 (C)

Per Data

104

Series

3 Fixed Disks
& 1 Mag
Tape Drive

66 Mbits
(Disks)

8.5 msec

1.23 Mbps

Integral

• DEC PDP-8,-1 1

• HON 316,516

• Varian
620/i, 520/ i

• HP 2114,
2115A,

2116B

• MAC- 16

• IBM S/360

TABLE 4 • DRUM DRIVES
(Capacity > 50 Megabits)

Company

Model

Capacity

No. Tracks

Avg Access
Time

Data Transfer
Rate & Format

Controller &
No. Drives
Controlled

Interface

Price

Bryant

Computer

Products

1 8.5B/1 024

77.1 Mbits

1024

1 6.7 msec

Bit-Ser/Par

Series 720
8 Drives

• Interdata
Mod 1 to 5

• DEC PDP-8

• MAC- 16

• SEL 810

18.5C/512

77.1 Mbits

512

16.7 msec

4.52 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

18.5D/1024

153 Mbits

1024

—

4.52 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

General
Instruments
Magne Head
Division

7012-1024

70 Mbits

1024

8.7 msec

3.3 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

$35,800

(OEM)

7018-1024

100 Mbits

1024

17 msec

3.3 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

$43,100

(OEM)

7018-1536

150 Mbits

1536

17 msec

3.3 Mbps
Bit-Ser/Par

—

$56,400

(OEM)

Hughes

Aircraft

MK III-16A

100 Mbits

640

—

Bit-Ser/Par

—

Univac

FH-1782

75.5 Mbits
2.1 Mwords

1536

17 msec

8.64 Mbps
Bit-Par

FH-432/1782
8 Drives

• Univac 1 100
Series

—

Fastrand III

1400 Mbits
33 Mwords

—

35 msec

1.38 Mbps

Fastrand III
8 Drives

• Univac 1 100
Series

—

Vermont

Research

2032

71.6 Mbits

1024

17.5 msec

2 Mbps
Bit-Ser

7100
16 Drives

• DEC PDP
Series

• XDS CF16

2064

143 Mbits

2048

17.5 msec

16 Mbps
Bit-Par

7100
16 Drives

MODERN DATA/February 1971

transfer rate are the same. The question of data
rates becomes important during system specifica-
tion because data buffers, or some interfacing
technique, may be necessary to prevent a com-
puter channel or controller “traffic jam.”

Access Mechanisms

Positionable head drives contain an access mecha-
nism which controls all movements of the read-
/write head(s) relative to the recording area of
each disk surface. The mechanism includes a
prime mover, its extension, and a carriage assem-
bly. The carriage supports the position transducer,
the heads, and a mechanical means for safe head
loading and head retraction during start and stop
operations. Prime mover types in use are hydraulic
systems and voice-coil linear actuators. In the hy-
draulic systems, a piston is forced to move in the
forward or reverse directions via solenoid valve
controls; this results in conservatively safe and
smooth motion with multiple speed capabilities. In
an electrical power failure situation, reserve hy-
draulic pressure is employed to retract the carriage
assembly; as the mechanism is restored to its re-
tracted position the heads are lifted away from the
disk surface to prevent contact. Drives which are
designed with voice-coil actuators also perform
these operations. These actuators are more recent
in development and they have advantages of sim-
plicity, (and therefore generally cost less), as well
as faster motion. Access mechanism retraction in
the case of power failure might not be a design
feature; lower-priced units may just simply sepa-
rate the heads away from the disk surface.

The critical function of an access mechanism, of
course, is to position the heads accurately to an
addressed track on the disk. There are two com-
ponents to this requirement: the extended posi-
tioning of the carriage assembly and the separa-
tion of the head relative to the recording surface.
Track-to- track positioning can be accomplished by
an electro-mechanical detenting subassembly of
the carriage, or by electronic techniques. The lat-
ter operates faster, silently, and depends for ac-
curacy upon the mechanical tolerances of the
transducer alone. The head/surface separation
problem is resolved by the flying head design. In
this design each head (or group of heads), is sup-
ported about 60 to 200 microinches above the
magnetic surface via difference forces. The head-
arm assembly is a leaf-spring support which di-
rects the head toward the surface; a second force,
which is created by the air stream between the
head and the moving surface, directs the head in
the opposite direction. As a result, the head is bal-
anced above the disk and should never contact the
surface, but should ride over any irregularities.

The IBM 3330 disk-pack storage system, available in 2-, 4-,
6-, or 8-drive configurations with capacities of from 1600 to
6400 megabits, and a transfer rate of 6.45 megabits/second.

SELECTION

The application of rotating memory for new, add-
on, or OEM-type storage will relate to specifics on
cost/performance and overall system consid-
erations. General factors on such selection criteria
are given below.

Cost Performance

The user of mass storage systems is primarily con-
cerned with the cost /performance characteristics
of an entire processing system as it relates to his
job requirements. Disk and drum memory should
be considered from the point of view of their true
cost, their effect upon system thruput, reliability,
system cohesiveness and flexibility, and software
or programming effort.

Improvements in data density for a given me-
chanical arrangement of recording surface and
transducer have been gained over the past years
without a corresponding increase in drive cost.
Some disk drives can store 8 x 10 r> bits per square
inch at densities of 4,000 bits per inch (per track)
and 200 tracks per inch. The cost per bit on such
drives can be as low as 0.0041 cents; drum facil-
ities can even go as low as 0.0038 cents per bit.

The time to access stored data has decreased.
For rotating memory devices having fixed-head per
track configurations, increases in rpm has de-
creased the average access time for a drum to as
low as 8 milliseconds, and to 5 milliseconds for
some disk drives.

Reliability has received considerable attention
from the manufacturer due to the comparative na-
ture of the compatible and OEM drive business,
and to the increased competition amongst the sys-
tems manufacturers. Reliability has been en-
hanced by improvements in the electro-mechani-
cal design of rotating memory devices. For
example, the extension of air bearing support to
include the rotating mass comprising the disk, its

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE:
DISK DRUM DRIVES

supporting hub, the shaft, and the motor rotor has
Cont'd compensated for any changes in mass which may
be introduced by shock or wear. Other improve-
ments relate to fluidic logic in place of relays and
solenoids, to packaged integrated circuitry for
drive control logic and read/ write electronics, and
to disk and disk-pack manufacture.

2314 COMPATIBLES REVISITED

An update of January 9 s Techology Profile on
2311 and 2314 plug-to-plug compatible disk-pack
drives

Recent activity in the plug-to-plug com-
patible battle between IBM and the inde-
pendent peripherals manufacturers has
centered on the 2319 Disk Storage Facility.

The 2319 is an integral three-drive 2314-
type storage system that utilizes the 2316
disk-pack. The system has a storage capac-
ity of 88 megabytes, and was originally in-
tended for use with the new S/370 Model
145. IBM has now extended the applica-
tion of the 2319 to the S/360 Models 30
and up. Pricing is lower than the previ-
ously employed three-drive configuration
of a 2312 single drive unit, a 2318 dual
drive unit, and a 2314 drive controller (see
modern data, page 64, January, 1971.)

There has been an immediate response
from the independent peripherals manu-
facturers. Potter Instrument, Tracor Data
Systems, and Telex Computer Products
have all announced price reductions in
their lines of 2314 (or 2319) compatible
drives that undercut those of IBM. Cali-
fornia Computer Products has taken an-
other route, announcing a high-density
line of 2316 disk-pack drives having twice
the storage capacity of the 2314. These
high density drives are still plug-to-plug
compatible with S/360 computers and soft-
ware (although disk-packs recorded on a
standard density drive system cannot be
read on the high density drives — and vice
versa), and are priced 10% below the cost
of an IBM 2319.

System Considerations

Functional performance features to be considered
involve the optimization of communications be-
tween the CPU and the mass memory — relieving
the CPU of unnecessary operations — and the
capability of the drive controller and FCU.

The past decade has provided certain concepts
relating to general system architecture; they can
provide insights on the functional role of each
component, although this architecture is not the
final word. Radical variations have already
emerged or been announced by several large com-
puter systems manufacturers.

The physical size of the mass memory and the
overall system layout might also be of importance;
floor space, cable configurations, and aisle loca-
tions in relation to the locations of the CPU and
the FCU could impose some limitations.

THE TABLES

The Tables present the major parameters of disk
and drum memories having storage capacities in
excess of 50 megabits. Table 1 covers Removable
Disk-Pack Drives; Table 2 presents data on Non-
Removable Disk Drives. Hybrid Disk Drives
( non-removable / removable and disk / magnetic
tape) are listed in Table 3, and Drum Memories
are covered in Table 4.

The models presented in the Tables represent
disk or drum memories that are either housed in a
single cabinet or sold as an integral unit. Other
configurations or multi-drive units, incorporating
additional disks (or drums) on existing (or addi-
tional) spindles and having higher storage capac-
ities, might be available; and the manufacturer
should be consulted when such increased capac-
ities are desired.

Further information on disk or drum drives de-
scribed in Tables 1, 2, 3, & 4 may be obtained by
referencing Tables 5, 6, 7, & 8; and using the
Reader Service Card.

REFERENCES

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE— IBM 2311 & 2314 Compatible
Disk-Pack Drives, modern data, January, 1971

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE— Removable-Disk Memories, mod-
ern data, December, 1968

TECHNOLOGY PROFILE— Disk & Drum Memories, modern
data, May, 1969

MODERN DATA/February 1971

TABLE 5 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Removable Disk-Pack
Drives (capacity greater than 50 Mbits) described in
Table 1, circle the appropriate numbers listed below
on the Reader Service Card.

READER SERVICE

COMPANY CARD NUMBER

Burroughs, Detroit, Mich 250

Control Data, Minneapolis, Minn 251

Digital Equipment, Maynard, Mass 252

EDP Technology, Orlando, Fla 253

Honeywell, Needham, Mass 254

IBM, White Plains, N.Y 255

ICL, New York, N.Y 256

Information Storage Systems, Cupertino, Cal 257

NCR, Dayton, Ohio 258

RCA, Camden, N.J 259

Univac, Blue Bell, Pa 260

TABLE 6 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Non-Removable Disk
Drives ( capacity greater than 50 Mbits) described in
Table 2, circle the appropriate numbers listed below
on the Reader Service Card.

READER SERVICE

COMPANY CARD NUMBER

Bryant Computer Products, Walled Lake, Mich 261

Burroughs, Detroit, Mich 262

Collins Radio, Dallas, Texas 263

Control Data, Minneapolis, Minn 264

Data Products, Woodland Hills, Cal 265

Digital Development, San Diego, Cal 266

Honeywell, Needham, Mass 267

IBM, White Plains, N.Y 268

ICL, New York, N.Y 269

Systems, Peripherals Div., San Diego, Cal 270

Xerox Data Systems, El Segundo, Cal 271

TABLE 7 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Hybrid Disk Drives
(non-removable /removable 6- disk/magnetic tape —
capacity greater than 50 Mbits) described in Table 3,
circle the appropriate numbers listed below on the
Reader Service Card.

READER SERVICE

COMPANY CARD NUMBER

lomec, Santa Clara, Cal 272

Per Data, Hicksville, N.Y 273

TABLE 8 • REFERENCE LITERATURE

For additional information on Drum Drives (capacity
greater than 50 Mbits) listed in Table 4 , circle the
appropriate numbers listed below on the Reader
Service Card.

READER SERVICE

COMPANY CARD NUMBER

Bryant Computer Products, Walled Lake, Mich 274

General Instruments, Hawthorne, Cal 275

Hughes Aircraft, Culver City, Cal 276

Univac, Blue Bell, Pa 277

Vermont Research, North Springfield, Vt 278

Why we’re introducing
a not-so-high-speed
high-speed
card reader.

The Bridge Data Model 8800 card reader reads
80-column cards at a 650 cpm rate, 96-column cards
at 1000 cpm.

In a world measured in nanoseconds, that’s not
so fast.

But in a world measured by the ability of someone
to keep the machine fed, or by the ability of the machine
to mate efficiently with 9600-baud high-speed terminals,
it is comfortably quick.

And which world do you really live and work in?

Right. The real world.

A world where long life (10 years, or 20,000
hours), reliability (1 ,000 hours MTBF), and accuracy
(one possible error in 300 x 10 6 data bits), are at least
as sacred as achieving ultimate speed and status.

That’s the world we design for. By building card
readers that are fully compatible with standard
80-column cards and the new System/3 cards.

(No sense building a machine that lasts ten years if
it’s obsolete in two.)

By building card readers that are compatible with
people; ours has two stackers, for instance, so that
you can maintain the 1 ,000 cpm rate without creating
a cardboard blizzard.

And by building card readers with no-choke
price tags.

There’s more to the 8800 Series than this.
(Screwdriver-simple maintenance, for instance.) But no
more room to discuss it here.

For more detailed information, write or call:

Bridge Data Products, Inc., 738 S. 42nd Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.

Phone (215) 382-8700.

rbdl BRIDGE DATA

L Rj PRODUCTS, INC.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 29 ON INQUIRY CARD

NEW PRODUCTS

Grover

Cleveland

would
have loved
Xebec.

The XMD-2100
Moving Head Disk System

Known for his thrift, Mr. Cleve-
land appears on the $1000 bill.
Well, you save more than twice
that much ($2450.00 to be exact)
when you buy Xebec’s XMD-
2100 Moving Head Disk System
Just $7500!

A real price breakthrough for the
industry! Here’s the package:

■ Disk Drive (Computer Memory
Devices’ MD-2101 with a den-
sity of 1100 BPI and a capacity
of 10 megabits of formatted
data!)

■ Controller ■ Coupler

■ Power Supply

■ Up-to-the-Minute Software

■ Performance

If you’re looking for Write Prot-
ect, Positioning Verification, Er-
ror Checking, Logical Unit As-
signment, and Overlap Seek —
We’ve got it all together, plus
lots more. For full details, check
with us.

xebec

SYSTEMS INCORPORATED

918 North Rengstorff Avenue
Mountain View, Calif. 94040
Telephone 415-964-4263

CIRCLE NO. 30 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODEMS & MULTIPLEXERS

Codex has introduced the first
members of two new families of
data communications products, the
4800 Data Modem, and the 800
Time Division Multiplexer. The
4800 provides for error-free per-
formance in the 4800 bits/second
speed class. The performance of
the 4800 is attributed to a modu-
lation technique combined with a
completely automatic and adaptive
digital equalizer. Communication
channel abnormalities which se-
riously degrade performance are
effectively neutralized in the Co-
dex design, to provide immunity to
unconditioned and substandard
telephone channels. The 800 family
of asynchronous time division mul-
tiplexers upgrade existing commu-
nications systems employing older
techniques which have been made
obsolete by modern data commu-
nication requirements. The con-

LARGE-SCALE COMPUTER

With the basic memory of 138
kilobytes, the NCR Century 300 is
expandable to 2048 kilobytes with
a cycle time of 650 nanosec for
each 4-byte access. Although com-
patible with the Century Series’
two smaller members, the 300 in-
corporates innovations to meet the
throughput requirements of larger
applications. The system’s features
include an arithmetic/logic proces-
sor consisting of a separate com-
mand setup unit and command ex-
ecution unit. Each has its own
access port to memory and their
parallel operation eliminates com-
mand setup time in most instances.
The I/O control provides up to 18-
way simultaneity. By providing in-
dependent access to memory for
the I/O control, the system can
achieve a transfer rate of 4.3
megabytes with minimum inter-
ference to internal processing. The
operator’s console of the new sys-

figuration flexibility provided by
the Codex 800 assures that commu-
nication network design is only
limited by the originality of the
system planner. The Codex 800 al-
lows the user to buy only the mod-
ules required for his immediate 50
to 1800 bit/second requirements.
Expanded requirements involve
plugging in additional channel
modules or eight channel ex-
pansion groups. This technique
permits the small user to imple-
ment a fully expandable TDM sys-
tem at a cost previously associated
with limited expansion frequency
division techniques. Both the Co-
dex 800 and the Codex 4800 have
complete network fault isolation
capability to permit the user to ob-
serve network performance and
rapidly isolate any communications
network malfunction. Codex Corp .,
Watertown , Mass.

Circle No. 320 on Inquiry Card.

tern includes a CRT subsystem to
enhance operator/ system commu-
nications. All peripherals of the
Century 100 and 200 can be used
with the new system. To fulfill the
requirements for a random access
device with a fast access time, the
NCR 650 drum is being offered. It
has a capacity of 4.2 million bytes
and an average access time of 8.3
millisec with a transfer rate of 1
megabyte per second. Also avail-
able is a controller which will in-
crease the capacity of the NCR 657
disk unit. The controller allows op-
eration of the 657 in either 30-mil-
lion byte mode or 48-million byte
mode. The system offers the com-
plete set of high-level Cobol ele-
ments and full Fortran as well as
NCR’s own programming lan-
guage, NEAT/3. The price range
of the system is from $15,000 to
$50,000 per month, with first cus-
tomer delivery scheduled for Feb-
ruary, 1972. NCR, Dayton, Ohio
Circle No. 326 on Inquiry Card.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

MINICOMPUTER

CRT DISPLAY

Electronic Processors, a subsidiary
of Samsonite Corp., has introduced
a 4K x 18 bit minicomputer which
features modular architecture and
master board connection. The EPI-
118 employs a 900 nanosec core
memory, expandable to 32K, TTL
logic, and MSI throughout the sys-
tem. Other features include four
hardware registers, peripheral in-
terfaces, and associated control
logic. The price of the EPI-118
starts at $5,900. Electronic Proces-
sors , Englewood , Colo.

Circle No. 347 on Inquiry Card.

AUDIO MEMORY/RESPONSE

The Voicepac 2000 is a voice re-
sponse system that uses the push-
button telephone or acoustically
coupled terminals as the com-
puter input/output device. When
interfaced to a data processing
configuration, or as a stand-alone
system with a minicomputer, the
Voicepac conveys the alphanumer-
ic input tones of the telephone to
the computer which responds back
over the communications facility,
in a human voice, to the individual
making the inquiry. Both on-line
and stand-alone configurations are
available with required interface
capability for the IBM 360 and
other computer systems. The
Voicepac interface can also be con-
figured to handle data commu-
nications between remote terminals
like CRT displays, teletypewriters,
printers, or other batch-oriented
transmission devices. The com-
puters pre-recorded vocabulary is
selected by the user and is stored
in a memory unit which is a part
of the Voicepac 2000 system. The
only equipment requirements at a
remote location is an inexpensive
pushbutton telephone. The system
has a vocabulary of 2000 words
and can be expanded to provide
even greater vocabulary sizes de-
pending on individual customer re-
quirements. The vocabulary can be
revised on-site by the user. A 40-
word vocabulary system is priced
at $27,000 and the 2000-word unit
sells for $62,000. Periphonics Corp.,
Rocky Point, N.Y.

Circle No. 336 on Inquiry Card.

DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM

The SADAQ-II series of computer
controlled data acquisition systems
combine in one equipment rack all
necessary functions of a central
station control system. From this
central station, automatic inter-
rogation of remote monitoring sta-
tions, and initiation of supervisory
commands take place under total
control of the central computer.
The unit checks the health and
well being of all remote stations
each time it demands data inter-
rogation. It recalibrates sensor zero
points at each reading request,
automatically alarms the operator
of out-of-tolerance conditions, and
if desired, initiates corrective ac-
tion. Symetrics Engineering Corp.,
Satellite Beach, Fla.

Circle No. 338 on Inquiry Card.

MAGNETIC CARD
READ/WRITE UNIT

The Magnetic Card Unit is de-
signed for use with any data pro-
cessing equipment as a manual in-
put/output device. The unit uses
credit card size magnetically-
coated cards with a capacity of
over 400 bytes of information. A
file protect feature prevents acci-
dental erasure of data on the mag-
netic cards. Digital Information
Devices , Lionville, Pa.

Circle No. 352 on Inquiry Card.

The ICL Model 7181 keyboard
CRT terminal can display up to
2000 characters on a 15-inch
screen. The 7181 has an upper and
lower case 96-character set and
uses MOS read-only memory for
character generation. International
Computers Ltd., N.Y., N.Y.

Circle No. 337 on Inquiry Card.
KEY-TO-DISK

The Model 1140 Key-Disk system
utilizes the shared processor con-
cept to handle up to 32 local or
remote Teletype or video data in-
put stations. The system is capable
of performing editing, table look-
up functions, and preliminary veri-
fication. Options include magnetic
tape recording for parallel acquisi-
tion, printers, and communications
compatibility for direct batch
transmission. Eclectic Corp., Dal-
las, Texas

Circle No. 351 on Inquiry Card.

TELEPRINTING TERMINAL

The CD1 1010B is a small, mul-
tiple-copy terminal designed for
time-sharing operations. The 1010B
is compatible with the TTY 33 in
code, format, and keyboard, and
has a built-in acoustic coupler. The
terminal is priced at $2100 and is
available from stock. Computer
Devices, Woburn , Mass.

Circle No. 334 on Inquiry Card.

CASSETTE TRANSPORT

The transport is a read-after-write
unit featuring wide write (write
gap 10% greater than full width of
tape) and wide read, (center 67%
of tape), to make information less
sensitive to tape defects. It is de-
signed to operate at 30 ips for
reading, writing, rewinding, and
searching. The instantaneous trans-
fer rate is 1800 char/sec, and the
average transfer rate, with 110
character blocks, is 1000 char/sec.
Each cassette will store 90,000
characters in 100 character blocks.
Redactron Corp., Hauppauge, N.Y.

Circle No. 335 on Inquiry Card.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

RFL builds Data Sets
to meet every need

Desk Set
75 to 1800 BPS
Asynchronous

Hardwire/ Acoustical Coupler

Model 3952 2400 Bit Data Set

Equalizer Modules
Delay Amplitude

Model 2056 — Multiplexer

No matter what your data communication needs, look
to RFL. RFL Data Sets handle computer, telegraph and
terminal data, individually or in combination . . . with
data speeds up to 2400 bps. Rack or desk models are
available, both Bell compatible. The Model 2056 series
— latest in transistorized multiplexers — permits use
of up to 23 channels over a single circuit. New delay and
amplitude equalizers provide improved line conditions
for higher speed data over poor transmission facilities.

RFL offers outright purchase or rental plans, with
prompt delivery. We’ve been building quality data sets
for over 12 years. Write or phone today for full details.

RFL Industries, Inc .

Communications Division, Boonton, N.J. 07005

I NEW PRODUCTS

PROGRAMMABLE

CALCULATOR

The Statistician 911 programmable
electronic calculator is especially
designed to perform statistical cal-
culations and solve many other
mathematical problems. Factorials
can be obtained for any integer
value of x from zero to 69 by push-
ing the x! key after entering the
number x. Two keys permit inde-
pendent and rapid accumulation of
any value of x in the display into
two different registers, Koo and Koi,
without interfering with the calcu-
lation being carried out. Accum-
ulating the square of a sequence of
values can also be accomplished
simply. The Statistician 911 by-
passes computer “languages” and
allows the operator to write equa-
tions directly on its keyboard. The
instrument automatically observes
correct algebriac hierarchy in per-
forming all operations. In addition
to keys for statistical calculations,
the Statistician’s keyboard includes
a true equals key, individual left
and right parentheses keys, hard-
wired |x| y , square root of x 2 +y 2 ,
f(x), In x, e x , x 2 , square root of x,
1/x, int x, remote, sin x, cos x, and
their arc. The basic model has 26
indirectly addressable stored con-
stants (100 optional) and 85 pro-
gram steps (256 optional). Cintra ,
Inc., Sunnyvale , Cal.

Circle No. 324 on Inquiry Card.

DISPLAY COPIER

The 9750 Display Copier makes
permanent records of alphanumeric
or graphic CRT displays at a speed
of 5 copies/min and a cost of less
than 20. Paper capacity of the 9750
is a 460 ft. roll for copies and 350 ft.
for offset masters. Copying speed is
12 sec. for first reproduction and 8
sec. for additional copies. A. B. Dick ,
Chicago, III.

TEL. 20 1-334-3 100/TWX: 710-987-8352/CABLE RADAIRCO, N. J.

Circle No. 328 on Inquiry Card.

CIRCLE NO. 31 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

COMMUNICATIONS

PROCESSOR

The i-50 is a low-cost ($6,500)
communications processor capable
of handling up to 250 I/O channels.
The system employs a 16-bit mi-
croprogrammed processor with a
specialized instruction repertoire
for data manipulation. Commu-
nications lines are serviced by
firmware, freeing the processor for
other data handling tasks. Inter-
computer Corp ., Sherman Oaks,
Cal.

Circle No. 350 on Inquiry Card.

HI-SPEED REMOVABLE
DISK SYSTEM

A mass memory system that com-
bines fast head-per-track access
(8.7 ms average) with the versatil-
ity of interchangeable disks is now
available. This new memory sys-
tem, called the Discstor 510, can
increase efficiency and reduce costs
in large data base digital process-
ing operations by decreasing
throughput time. Individual heads
for each recording track are the
basis for the high speed data ac-
cess. 128 tracks per side add up to
a total capacity of 10 million bits.
A rotational rate of 3600 rpm pro-
vides a data transfer rate as high as
2.35 MHz. The Discstor 510 can be
supplied as a desk top unit — com-
pletely self contained, or it can be
supplied with its own stand to pro-
vide convenient storage for six
disks. If required, standard
RETMA rack mounting hardware
can be provided. General In-
strument Corp., Hawthorne, Cal.

Circle No. 325 on Inquiry Card.

FP PROCESSOR FOR PDP-12

The FPP-12 floating point proces-
sor gives DEC’s PDP-12 computer
a dual processor capability and
does calculations as much as 39
times faster than before because
the floating point calculations are
done by hardware rather than by
software, which is usually the case.
Typically, a three-word, 36-point
floating point multiply took 1,100
microseconds when done by soft-
ware, and 500 microseconds when
done by software and an Extended
Arithmetic Element. An FPP-12-
equipped PDP-12 can do the same
calculation in 28 microseconds
while maintaining the same seven-
digits of accuracy. The FPP-12 can
be ordered with a new PDP-12 sys-
tem, or it can be field installed on
any of DECTs family of 12-bit ma-
chines. Minor revisions to existing
programs usually will be required
if an FPP-12 is added. Price of the
FPP-12 is $7,500. Digital Equip-
ment Corp., Maynard, Mass.

Circle No. 330 on Inquiry Card.

It's not even a fair fight.

Omega-t’s FasPlot is the best of its kind on
the block ... or in the whole computer
industry, for that matter.

Sound like childish claims? Well, listen.

Our

Plotter
can outplot
your plodder.

Our plotter is the fastest in its class, moving
along at 10 ips.

Our plotter is adaptable to any type of
interface, on or off-line, including CRT.

Solid state electronics make FasPlot depend-
able and accurate. And, it’s easy to operate,
with no special software necessary.

We’ll put our plotter up against our com-
petition’s any day. Glen Renfro is FasPlot’s
manager . . . just call or write him at Omega-t
Systems, Inc.

omega-t systems incorporated

300 TERRACE VILLAGE • RICHARDSON. TEXAS 75080 (214) 231-5121

•REGISTERED TRADEMARK

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 32 ON INQUIRY CARD

NEW SOFTWARE AND SERVICES

macro’s FOR MINI’S

An off-the-shelf, relocatable,
macro-assembler for all mini-
computers, designated Mini-Dural,
will operate in extremely small
memory environments — as low as
SK bytes. The miniaturized macro-
processor is compatible with Dual,
the Meta-defined language proces-
sor; any program written for Mini-
Dual can be processed by Dual.
Mini-Dual includes external sym-
bols, relocation, data definition di-
rectives, macro definition direc-
tives, and intrinsic functions to
scan arguments of source state-
ments. Price is $15,000; lease
arrangements are available. Pro-
prietary Software Systems , Los An-
geles, Cal.

Circle No. 389 on Inquiry Card.

BUSINESS SOFTWARE
General ledger accounting, ac-
counts receivable, accounts pay-
able, payroll, and inventory man-
agement systems are available for
implementation on ATRON’s Data-
manager and Data General’s Nova
and Supernova. These packages
are available with single-user and
multiple-user options, and adapt-
able to a variety of computer
configurations. Although priced
separately, these programming
packages are available as part of a
total computer system — including
both the computer system and the
programming packages. Each soft-
ware package is completely docu-
mented and guaranteed to run on
the specified system support as well
as additional system applications.
Rhombic Research , Ft. Worth, Tex.
Circle No. 378 on Inquiry Card.

MANUSCRIPT EDITOR

MEDIT is an on-line manuscript
editor for general text, letters, ad-
vertising copy and catalogs. The
program, which has incorporated
some of the ideas of ED (an editor
running under CTSS at MIT) and
DDT (an on-line debugging pack-
age), is word-oriented and uses a
simple command language for
searching, editing, formatting, and
printing. MEDIT is presently avail-
able for PDP-10 T/S systems with
versions adaptable to smaller, in-
house computers. Price is deter-
mined by the nature and extent of
application, but runs approximately
in the $125/mo. range. Computer
Interactive Services, Inc., Brook-
line, Mass.

Circle No. 384 on Inquiry Card.

More effective data and telecommunications
start with Berglund Associates.

Here’s how we can
raise efficiency, yet
lower costs.

What we do: We’re an organization of
engineers and managers providing profes-
sional technical and management con-
sulting services to users of data and
telecommunications equipment, or to
manufacturers of this equipment. Our ex-
perience encompasses all of applied data
and telecommunications. Typical areas
include:

Data transmission • voice services • net-
work design • terminals • interconnection
• private microwave • international com-
munications • teletypewriter systems
As a user, you would utilize our services to implement a system,
improve it, lower costs, or perhaps all three. Or request counseling,
feasibility studies, systems design or communications manage-
ment services. If you’re a supplier, our services help you achieve
more cost-effective product and business, planning. Counseling and
studies include market trends and needs, product concepts and tech-
nical design, regulatory matters, and the competitive environment.
How we do it: Because our client’s people have to live with our
results, we work closely with them. We reject textbook answers if
an innovative approach is sound. We design computerized models
to analyze and weigh all possibilities. We document our findings

so the client can test them. And we help
our client’s people follow through on our
recommendations. Soundness and logic
are consistent — whether we’re recom-
mending a new product, or configuring a
nationwide message switching network.
What we can do for you: We can help
you get more for your dollars, speed up
your program, avoid costly mistakes,
raise efficiency yet lower costs. How?
Because we apply our knowledge of equip-
ment, services and trends acquired through
working for manufacturer clients; and be-
cause we do the same with knowledge of
the needs, practices and applications ac-
quired from user clients. But most of all,
perhaps, operating independently of any
equipment supplier or communications
service affords us the privilege of being
completely objective in our approach to problem-solving. Which
means we serve only one master: you.

For more information . . . Write or call us soon. We’ll discuss your
interests in depth, or provide literature on our U.S. or European
services. Whether we can help you or not, there’s one thing we’ll
maintain our reputation for: an honest answer.

Berglund Associates, Inc.

1060 Kings Highway North / Cherry Hill, New Jersey 08034
Phone: (609) 667-4700

CIRCLE NO. 33 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
SYSTEM

Soft-Pak Services has announced
the availability of its Accounts Re-
ceivable System ( SPARS-2000 ) ,
which is programmed in Bal for
the IBM 360/30 and up. SPARS-
2000 is adaptable to service-ori-
ented organizations servicing all
areas of business — industrial, pro-
fessional, and retail. This system
encompasses the following major
features: 1) open item or balance
forward; 2) descriptive billing; 3)
multiple company or client; 4)
complete audit trails; 5) detailed
statements with ageing analysis; 8)
transaction journals; 9) aged trial
balance. SPARS-2000 is capable of
accepting card, magnetic tape, pa-
per tape or optical input. The sys-
tems package includes complete
documentation, source decks, and
object decks with job control
cards. Soft-Pak Services, Sea Cliff,
New York.

Circle No. 376 on Inquiry Card.

MAINTENANCE & EXPANSION
PROGRAM

SIMPLE ( System for Integrated
Maintenance and Program Lan-
guage Expansion ) includes a
source program maintenance sys-
tem, a Cobol pre-processor, and a
program conversion aid. It pro-
vides linkage with compilers, al-
lowing programs to be updated,
compiled, and tested in the same
run, and automatically audits pro-
gram changes. SIMPLE also pro-
vides program backup; each time a
program is changed, the previous
version is saved. Computer Ser-
vices Corp., Southfield, Mich.

Circle No. 387 on Inquiry Card.
PDP-8 PACKAGE

The P-1 00 A program package pro-
vides PDP-8 users with magnetic tape
versions of programs normally sup-
plied on paper tape by DEC. The
package is contained within a tape
cartridge, usable with any PDP-8
equipped with 4K of memory, a Tele-
type, and a Tri-Data CartiFile trans-
port. I/O times are reduced by a fac-
tor of four from that required by
paper tape systems. Tri-Data, Moun-
tain View, Cal.

DATA TRANSMISSION
PROBLEMS?

Let the Sierra 1914B
help you solve them.

The Sierra 1914B Data Transmission Test Set localizes and identifies
the problem. It checks all the supervisory control functions of a
modem and the bit- and block-error rate of the entire data transmis-
sion system. The 1914B is a field instrument with laboratory fea-
tures and can test both synchronous and asynchronous voiceband
data systems.

It is designed for installation, maintenance, and troubleshooting tests
by telephone company personnel, modem users and manufacturers,
time-sharing computer companies, and many others.

The test set conforms to El A RS232 interface specifications, is

compatible with most modems.
System's 914B Data Test Set.

and is equivalent to the Bell

For more information or a demonstration write or call

Sierra Electronic Operation
3885 Bohannon Drive
Menlo Park, California 94025
(415) 322-7222/TWX 910-373-1282

PHILCO

Circle No. 381 on Inquiry Card.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

CIRCLE NO. 34 ON INQUIRY CARD

NEW LITERATURE

Autoset

l/0>\£x MODEL 300

■ All solid-state direct re-
placement for Bell Data Set
103 in data mode.

■ Speeds up to 300 baud
asynchronous.

■ —50 dBm input sensitivity.

■ Fully automatic; voice op-
tion available.

■ Never needs frequency ad-
justments.

■ Very low power for continu-
ous duty.

■ Phase-lock loop data detec-
tor for low error rate.

■ 60 dB rejection of trans-
mitted frequency for optimum
full-duplex operation.

■ Purchase price per channel
less than 1 year rental on
Bell 103.

VQy^JUx

Division of Sonex Inc.
20 East Herman Street
Philadelphia, Pa. 19144
(215) 843-6400

PDP-8 AUDIO RESPONSE

A data sheet is available on the STAR
(Sequential Talking Audio Response)
system, an audio response peripheral
for the PDP-8 having a 32-word vo-
cabulary. Cognitronics, Mt. Kisco,
New York

Circle No. 421 on Inquiry Card.

TELECOMMUNICATIONS

MONITOR

Task/Master, a generalized monitor
for writing on-line application pro-
grams in high level languages, is de-
scribed in a six page booklet. Turnkey
Systems , Noncalk , Conn.

Circle No. 412 on Inquiry Card.

TAPE MEMORY

The 6-page brochure provides details
on the Model 6401, sealed-magazine,
mag tape, bulk storage memory. Ray-
mond Engineering , Middletown ,

Conn.

Circle No. 409 on Inquiry Card.

METACOBOL

Applied Data Research has published
a 19-page introductory guide to Me-
taCobol, a Cobol macro translator.
Applied Data Research, Princeton,
New Jersey

Circle No. 407 on Inquiry Card.

CORE MEMORY

The Nanomemory 4850 — a field-ex-
pandable, 850 nanosec 4K to 33K,
20-bit core memory — is described in
a 4-page folder. Electronic Memories,
Hawthorne, Cal.

Circle No. 402 on Inquiry Card.

INDUSTRIAL CONTROLLER

The VIP minicomputer — a ROM,
plug-in PC card, programmable con-
troller — is discussed in a 4-page bro-
chure. Struthers-Dunn, Bettendorf,
Iowa

Circle No. 416 on Inquiry Card.

DIRECT ACCESS
LIBRARY SYSTEM

A twelve-page brochure explains Pan-
valet, a security package for the cen-
tral storage, retrieval, maintenance,
control, and back-up security of all
source and object programs, JCL and
data cards. Pansophic Systems, Lom-
bard, III.

Circle No. 410 on Inquiry Card.

PRINTER & CRT

A four-page brochure describing the
operating features and principal speci-
fications of the Model 101 printer
and the Model 301 CRT display de-
vice is available. Centronics Data
Computer, Hudson, N.H.

Circle No. 400 on Inquiry Card.

BANKING SERVICE

An on-line computer service for the
management control of collateral loan
activities is outlined in a new bro-
chure. Bank Com, Chicago, III.

Circle No. 401 on Inquiry Card.

LABORATORY COMPUTERS

A 300-page handbook, describing the
hardware and software features and
uses of PDP-12 laboratory computer
systems, is available from Digital
Equipment Corporation. The hand-
book contains sections on biomedical,
chemistry, educational, industrial, and
clinical laboratory systems, and covers
the extensive PDP-12 software. Di-
gital Equipment Corporation , May-
nard, Mass.

Circle No. 403 on Inquiry Card.

VIRTUAL MEMORY
MINICOMPUTER

System 72, a small computer that
uses a virtual memory concept via a
large disk to decrease core memory, is
discussed in a 12-page brochure. Sys-
tems, Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.

Circle No. 405 on Inquiry Card.

CIRCLE NO. 35 ON INQUIRY CARD

MODERN DATA/February 1971

ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR

A four-page folder describes the Ar-
ray Transform Processor, a system ca-
pable of performing highly repetitive
arithmetic processes found in oper-
ational calculus and linear algebra.
Raytheon Computer, Santa Ana , Cal.

OYER PRESENTS . . . ICAP '71

The New Intermediate Course for Applications Programming

The original version of ICAP was developed jointly by IBM and the
GUIDE users. Oyer Professional Computer Services has added some
material on advanced programming techniques. Coverage includes:

Circle No. 406 on Inquiry Card.

202-COMPATIBLE MODEM

• Overview and Review of Basics Program Design • Modular Pro-
gramming • Documentation and Standards • Controls • Effective
Communications • Planning for Programming • Advanced Cobol
Techniques • Programming Efficiency • Conversion and Implementa-
tion • Program Testing and Debugging • ANSI Cobol

A three-page brochure describes Tel-
Tech’s TT-202 Bell-compatible data
set. Tel -Tech, Rockvill, Md.

Circle No. 411 on Inquiry Card.

GRAPHIC TERMINALS

A set of six technical bulletins de-
scribing the Series 4<)0 interactive dis-
play terminals is now available. Corn-
put ek, Cambridge, Mass.

Circle No. 404 on Inquiry Card.

FOURIER PROGRAM

An applications bulletin, describing a
minicomputer fast fourier transform
program, is available from UniComp.
The program enables the on-line,
real-time operation of the COMP- 16
or -18 minicomputers for simulta-
neous time and frequency domain
analysis. Unicomp, Northridgc, Cal.

Circle No. 419 on Inquiry Card.

MINICOMPUTER FOR
SUPERMARKETS

Computer direction of supermarkets,
with automated inventory control an
management services, is the subject
of an eight-page brochure. Honey-
well, Framingham , Mass.

Circle No. 408 on Inquiry Card.

GRAPHIC DIGITIZER

A brochure describing the features,
applications, specifications, and avail-
able software for the Gradicon Series
1000 coordinate digitizer is available.
Edwin Industries, Silver Spring , Md.

Circle No. 418 on Inquiry Card.

The course is directed toward project leaders, systems analysts, systems
designers, and programmers with at least oi>e year of experience. It has
been proven to be effective in upgrading applications programming and
systems in a third-generation multi-programming environment.

OPCS is rnivileged to have its lead instructor Mr. Peter Savides, the
prime author of ICAP at IBM. Visual aids and extensive student materials,
including a student guide for each student, will be distributed. Tuition is
$400. Presentations are scheduled as follows:

SAN FRANCISCO Mar. 15-19 • NfW YORK CITY A^r. 19-23

WASHINGTON D C. May 17-21 • CHICAGO, IU. June 14-11

For further infor m at i on contact:

Oyer Professional Computer Services
369 Lexington Ave.

New York City LOG 17
212-687-9280

WHICH OF OVER 700 BRANDS COME TO M1NO
WHEN YOU SEEK A SPECIFIC PRODUCT OR SERVICE?

just off the press . . . Results of modern data’s monumental survey
of over .5000 readers to learn current buying preferences. 54 different
product categories. Over 700 different manufacturers and suppliers
listed by number of times selected.

modern data’s 1970 BRAND AWARENESS SURVEY provides the
most complete, up-to-date study available anywhere of buying
trends in the computer industry.

Your first press copy will be sent by return mail — just fill in and
return the coupon below. Ten-day, full-refund privilege, if not
satisfied.

$12.00 A COPY, POSTPAID.

TO: MODERN DATA Sui*VeV

3 Lockland Ave., Framingham, Mass. 01701

Please send me postpaid, copy(ies) of your 1970

BRAND AWARENESS SURVEY at $12 a copy ($10 a copy
if payment is enclosed, saving billing costs). Ten-day, full-
refund privilege.

Name Company

Address - —

City State ZIP

□ Bill me. □ Bill company — P.O. No.

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Please make check payable to MODERN DATA

With the One And
Only Definitive
SDA Book

INFORMATION SPECTRUM, INC.
has prepared a publication describing
source data automation equipment
and design methodology to assist you.

We have done your systems de-
signer’s homework. He no longer has
to spend weeks requesting and ana-
lyzing manufacturers’ data and spec
sheets.

These reports contain detailed
cost/performance descriptions for all
commercially available equipment in
the following categories:

— Keyboard-to-Tape
—Portable Data Recorders
—Alphanumeric Display Terminals
—Optical Readers
—Magnetic Readers
—Remote Scanners

Also included are cost/volume
break-even points for SDA equipment.

INFORMATION SPECTRUM, a data
processing systems design company,
has developed these reports through
its experience in analysis and design
of SDA systems and as a part of its
continuing SDA Seminars.

The Source Data Automation Re-
ports are handsomely bound in a
loose leaf binder and the initial cost
of $95.00 includes a one-year updat-
ing of equipment on a quarterly basis.
This enables the user to have the lat-
est and most accurate information
available.

Look for INFORMATION SPEC-
TRUM’S SDA column each month in
Modern Data.

j Information Spectrum, Inc.

I Department MD
i 1020 Kings Highway North
I Cherry Hill, N.J. 08034

I I wish to purchase Source Data

| Automation Reports at $95.00 per copy. I
understand this price includes a one year
I updating on a quarterly basis.

□ Check enclosed for $

□ Please send further information on the
1 SDA book.

I □ Please send materials on Information
I Spectrum consulting services.

Name

Company

Address

j City State Zip^

CIRCLE NO. 36 ON INQUIRY CARD

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

AMERICAN TELEPHONE 8 TELEGRAPH CO 20, 21

Agency: N. W. Ayer & Son

AMPEX CORP.

COMPUTER PRODUCTS DIV 15

Agency: Allen & Dorward, Inc.

BERGLUND ASSOCIATES, INC 84

Agency: Perceptive Marketers

BOWMAR/ALI, INC 37

Agency: Chirurg & Cairns, Inc.

BRIDGE DATA PRODUCTS, INC 79

Agency: Schaefer Advertising, Inc.

BRIGHT INDUSTRIES, INC 50

Agency: MacManus, John & Adams, Inc.

THE BUNKER-RAMO CORP.

BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY DIV 27

Agency: James A. Ford Advertising

CENTRONICS DATA COMPUTER CORP 43

Agency: The Strayton Corp.

CINCOM SYSTEMS, INC 2

Agency: Reeves & Pritchard, Inc.

COMPUTER AUTOMATION, INC 5

Agency: Cochrane Chase & Co., Inc.

CULLINANE CORP 35

DATA GENERAL CORP 8, 9

Agency: Quinn & Johnson, Inc.

DONAULD, INC 37

Agency: Douglas Turner, Inc.

EASTMAN KODAK CO.

BUSINESS SYSTEMS MARKETS DIV 17

Agency: J. Walter Thompson Co.

ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATES, INC 49

Agency: McCarthy Scelba DeBiasi Advertising

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO.

TELECOMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS DEPT 59

Agency: Ross Roy of New York, Inc.

HAZELTINE CORP 65

Agency: Ted Peck, Inc.

INFORMATION SPECTRUM, INC 88

Agency: Miller Omigraphics, Inc.

INFOTRON SYSTEMS 4

Agency: Madison & Wall, Inc.

I/ONEX

DIV. OF SONEX, INC 86

Agency: Shreden Associates

LOCKHEED ELECTRONICS 63

Agency: McCann-Erickson, Inc.

MODERN DATA 24, 25, 53, 87

ODEC COMPUTER SYSTEMS, INC 48

OMEGA-T SYSTEMS, INC 83

Agency: Eddie Davis Advertising

OYER PROFESSIONAL COMPUTER SERVICES 87

RFL INDUSTRIES, INC.

COMMUNICATIONS DIV 82

Agency: Josephson, Cuffari & Co.

RAYTHEON COMPUTER 6, 7

Agency: Durel Advertising

REPCO, INC Cover 4

Agency: Wilson, Haight & Welch, Inc.

SIERRA ELECTRONIC OPERATION

PHILCO FORD CORP 85

THE SINGER CO.

FRIDEN DIV 10, 11

Agency: Meltzer, Aron & Lemen, Inc.

SPECTRON CORP 19

Agency: Perceptive Marketers

SYSTEMATICS/MAGNE-HEAD DIVISION

GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP 71

Agency: Elgin Davis, Inc.

TEKTRONIX, INC 1

Agency: Dawson, Inc.

TELETYPE CORP 30, 31

Agency: Fensholt Advertising, Inc.

TEL-TECH CORP Cover 3

Agency: Communications Unlimited,. Inc.

TRACOR DATA SYSTEMS 56, 57

Agency: Albert Frank-Guenther Law, Inc.

VARIAN DATA MACHINES Cover 2

Agency: N. W. Ayer/Jorgensen/MacDonald, Inc.

VERSATEC 45

Agency: Hal Lawrence, Inc.

VOGUE

SHEPARD DIV 61

Agency: Mohr & Co., Inc.

XEBEC SYSTEMS, INC 80

Agency: Moorhead Marketing Services

MODERN DATA/February 1971

Need a 2 01 A?
Need a2(MB?

Get both.

Why decide between a 201 A and a
20 1 B? Get both. The Tel-Tech 20 1 A/B
data set gives you all the features, capa-
bilities, and compatibilities of both a
TT-201A and aTT-201B — in one com-
pact unit . . . and for the same low price
of a TT-201B alone.

A simple mechanical jumper switches
the modulation scheme from Bell com-
patible 201 A to 20 IB. In the 201 A
mode the data set operates half duplex
over the dial up net at 2000 bps.
Switched to 20 IB operation, the set can
be used at 2400 bps on C2 conditioned

lines over 4-wire full duplex. It will also
operate 2-wire half duplex or 2-wire
simplex circuits in both modes.

The TT-201A/B is available in both
end user and OEM configurations — it
can easily be built into a high speed ter-
minal, giving customers a choice of dial
or dedicated service.

Bell compatible 201 A? Or 20 IB?
Get a Tel-Tech
201 A/B.
question.

11810 Parklawn Dr..
Rockville. Md. 20852
(301) 933-8170

TEL-TECH C0RP.

In Canada: Canteltech, Ltd.

CIRCLE NO. 37 ON INQUIRY CARD

as a terminal printer over telephone or private wire
communications lines. By adding the keyboard op-
tion, REPCO 120 becomes an interactive terminal
for your minicomputer. REPCO Incorporated, 1940
Lockwood Way, P. 0. Box 7065, Orlando, Fla. 32804,
telephone (305) 422-2451.

A subsidiary of
SCOPE Incorporated.

CIRCLE NO. 38 ON INQUIRY CARD

For demonstration in your area: EAST: Bartlett Associates, Inc., Wayne, Penna., (215) 688-7325; White Plains, N.Y., (914) 949-6476; Bethesda, Md.,
(301) 656-3061 SOUTHEAST: Gentry Associates, Inc., Orlando, Fla., (305) 841-7740; Huntsville, Ala., (205) 534-9771; Burlington, N.C., (919) 227-2581;
Atlanta, Ga., (404) 233-3816 MIDWEST: SEA, Inc., Indianapolis, Ind. (317) 846-2593, Chicago, III., (312) 282-6694; Waukesha, Wise., (414) 547-6637;
Minneapolis, Minn., (612) 425-4455 MOUNTAIN STATES: PLS Associates, Inc., Albuquerque, N.M., (505) 255-2330; Englewood, Colo., (303) 771-0140;
Salt Lake City, Utah, (801) 262-2866 WEST: King Engineering Co., Inc., Encino, Calif., (213) 981-0161; Santa Ana, Calif., (714) 546-6883; La Jolla,
Calif., (714) 453-7042; Mountain View, Calif., (415) 964-2942; Phoenix, Ariz., (602) 277-5902.

ENGLAND: Computer and Systems Engineering Ltd., Rickmansworth Herts WD3-1PL. FRANCE: SYNELEC, 57 Avenue de Neuilly, 92 Neuilly S/Seine.

Repco

The REPCO 120 is a low-cost, solid state impactless
printer designed to interface with all CRT terminals,
minicomputers or other remote data terminals. It
operates asynchronously at speeds to 120 characters
per second, 80 characters per line, 5 lines per inch
vertically. It will handle serial or parallel data of 64
character standard ASCII code. When interfaced
with a modem or accoustic coupler, it can be used

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